Receptor activated solely by a synthetic ligand
Artificial biochemical receptors only responsive to predesigned drugs / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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A receptor activated solely by a synthetic ligand (RASSL) or designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADD), is a class of artificially engineered protein receptors used in the field of chemogenetics which are selectively activated by certain ligands.[1] They are used in biomedical research, in particular in neuroscience to manipulate the activity of neurons.[2]
Originally differentiated by the approach used to engineer them, RASSLs and DREADDs are often used interchangeably now to represent an engineered receptor-ligand system.[3] These systems typically utilize G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) engineered to respond exclusively to synthetic ligands, like clozapine N-oxide (CNO),[4] and not to endogenous ligands. Several types of these receptors exists, derived from muscarinic or κ-opioid receptors.[1]