Emirate of Hakkâri
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The Emirate of Hakkâri (Kurdish: Hekarî) was a Kurdish emirate centered around the city of Hakkâri, and to the west of Lake Urmia on the border with Iran, which ruled a wide variety of peoples.[1]
Emirate of Hakkâri Hekarî (Kurdish) | |||||||
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Before 1380s–1847 | |||||||
Capital | Hakkâri | ||||||
Common languages | Kurdish | ||||||
Government | Emirate | ||||||
Emir | |||||||
History | |||||||
• Established | Before 1380s | ||||||
• Disestablished | 1847 | ||||||
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Today part of |
At the height of its power, the emirate controlled parts of Turkish provinces of Hakkari, and Van, along with some areas in northern Iraq. The population was heterogeneous, with pastoral Kurdish tribes, Nestorian Assyrian Christians who were vassals of the Kurdish tribes, and settled Armenian farmers.[2] The emirate did not have control or jurisdiction over the independent Assyrian tribes of Tyari, Baz, Jilu, Tkhouma, and Diz which were known as ashirets, or free men.[3][4]
The emirate lasted from the 14th century until 1845, when internal disputes resulted in it briefly coming under the patronage of the last Kurdish Emirate of Botan, led by Bedir Khan Beg. Eventually both were absorbed into the Ottoman Empire following the Tanzimat reforms which reorganised and centralised the state.[2]