Garbled circuit
Cryptographic protocol for two-party computation / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Garbled circuit is a cryptographic protocol that enables two-party secure computation in which two mistrusting parties can jointly evaluate a function over their private inputs without the presence of a trusted third party. In the garbled circuit protocol, the function has to be described as a Boolean circuit.
The history of garbled circuits is complicated. The invention of garbled circuit was credited to Andrew Yao, as Yao introduced the idea in the oral presentation of a paper[1] in FOCS'86. This was documented by Oded Goldreich in 2003.[2] The first written document about this technique was by Goldreich, Micali, and Wigderson in STOC'87.[3] The term "garbled circuit" was first used by Beaver, Micali, and Rogaway in STOC'90.[4] Yao's protocol solving Yao's Millionaires' Problem was the beginning example of secure computation, yet it is not directly related to garbled circuits.