Gliosarcoma
Medical condition / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Gliosarcoma is a rare type of glioma, a cancer of the brain that comes from glial, or supportive, brain cells, as opposed to the neural brain cells. Gliosarcoma is a malignant cancer, and is defined as a glioblastoma consisting of gliomatous and sarcomatous components.[3] Primary gliosarcoma (PGS) is classified as a grade IV tumor and a subtype of glioblastoma multiforme in the 2007 World Health Organization classification system (GBM).[4] Because of a lack of specific and clear diagnostic criteria, the word "gliosarcoma" was frequently used to refer to glial tumours with mesenchymal properties,[5] such as the ability to make collagen and reticulin.[6]
Gliosarcoma | |
---|---|
Other names | Sarcomatous glioblastoma [1] |
Micrograph showing a gliosarcoma. Elastic van Gieson's stain. | |
Specialty | Neuro-oncology |
Usual onset | Between 40 and 60 years old[2] |
Prognosis | Five-year survival rate: 5.6%[2] |
Frequency | ~215 new diagnoses per year (United States)[2] |
It is estimated that approximately 2.1% of all glioblastomas are gliosarcomas. Although most gliomas rarely show metastases outside the cerebrum, gliosarcomas have a propensity to do so, most commonly spreading through the blood to the lungs, and also liver and lymph nodes.[7]
They most commonly present in the temporal lobe[8][9] and frontal lobe.[10]