John Roberts
Chief Justice of the United States since 2005 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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John Glover Roberts Jr. (born January 27, 1955) is an American jurist who has served as the 17th chief justice of the United States since 2005.[3] He has been described as having a moderate conservative judicial philosophy, though he is primarily an institutionalist.[4][5] For his willingness to work with the Supreme Court's liberal bloc, Roberts has been regarded as a swing vote.[6][7]
John Roberts | |
---|---|
17th Chief Justice of the United States | |
Assumed office September 29, 2005 | |
Appointed by | George W. Bush |
Preceded by | William Rehnquist |
Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit | |
In office June 2, 2003 – September 29, 2005 | |
Appointed by | George W. Bush |
Preceded by | James L. Buckley |
Succeeded by | Patricia Millett |
Principal Deputy Solicitor General of the United States | |
In office October 24, 1989 – January 1993 | |
President | George H. W. Bush |
Preceded by | Donald B. Ayer |
Succeeded by | Paul Bender |
Associate Counsel to the President | |
In office November 28, 1982 – April 11, 1986 | |
President | Ronald Reagan |
Preceded by | J. Michael Luttig[1] |
Succeeded by | Robert M. Kruger[2] |
Personal details | |
Born | John Glover Roberts Jr. (1955-01-27) January 27, 1955 (age 69) Buffalo, New York, U.S. |
Spouse |
Jane Sullivan (m. 1996) |
Children | 2 |
Education | Harvard University (BA, JD) |
Awards | Henry J. Friendly Medal (2023) |
Signature | |
John Roberts's opening statement to the Senate Judiciary Committee on his nomination to the Supreme Court Recorded September 12, 2005 | |
Born in Buffalo, New York, Roberts was raised Catholic in Northwest Indiana and educated at parochial schools. He studied at Harvard University with the initial intent to become a historian, graduating in three years with highest distinction, then attended Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the Harvard Law Review. Before holding positions in the Reagan and senior Bush administration, Roberts served as a law clerk for Judge Henry Friendly and Justice William Rehnquist. From 1989 to 1993, he was Principal Deputy Solicitor General, after which he built a successful appellate practice and argued 39 cases before the Supreme Court.[8]
In 1992, President George H. W. Bush nominated Roberts to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, but the Senate did not hold a vote on his confirmation.[9] In 2003, President George W. Bush appointed Roberts to the D.C. Circuit.[10] In 2005, Bush nominated Roberts to the Supreme Court, initially as an associate justice to fill the vacancy left by Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, but promoting him to chief justice after Rehnquist's death. Roberts was confirmed by a Senate vote of 78–22.
As chief justice, Roberts has authored majority opinions in many landmark cases, including National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius (upholding the Affordable Care Act), Shelby County v. Holder (defining limits on the Voting Rights Act of 1965), Carpenter v. United States (expanding digital privacy), and Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard (overruling race-based admission programs). Roberts also presided over the first impeachment trial of President Donald Trump.