
Lactose
Carbohydrate / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Lactose is a disaccharide sugar synthesized by galactose and glucose subunits and has the molecular formula C12H22O11. Lactose makes up around 2–8% of milk (by mass). The name comes from lac (gen. lactis), the Latin word for milk, plus the suffix -ose used to name sugars. The compound is a white, water-soluble, non-hygroscopic solid with a mildly sweet taste. It is used in the food industry.[5]
Carbohydrate
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Names | |
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IUPAC name
β-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucose | |
Systematic IUPAC name
(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}oxane-3,4,5-triol | |
Other names
Milk sugar Lactobiose 4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-glucose | |
Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol) |
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90841 | |
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.509 ![]() |
EC Number |
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342369 | |
KEGG | |
PubChem CID |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
C12H22O11 | |
Molar mass | 342.297 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | White solid |
Density | 1.525 g/cm3 |
Melting point | 252 °C (anhydrous)[1] 202 °C (monohydrate)[1] |
195 g/L[2][3] | |
Chiral rotation ([α]D) |
+55.4°(anhydrous) +52,3° (monohydrate) |
Thermochemistry | |
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
5652 kJ/mol, 1351 kcal/mol, 16.5 kJ/g, 3.94 kcal/g |
Hazards | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Flash point | 357.8 °C (676.0 °F; 631.0 K)[4] |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Chemical compound