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Family of ferns From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lindsaeaceae is a pantropical family of ferns in the order Polypodiales. It contains six or seven genera with about 220 known species,[2] some of which also extend into the more temperate regions of eastern Asia, New Zealand, and South America.[3]
Lindsaeaceae Temporal range: | |
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Lindsaea linearis | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Division: | Polypodiophyta |
Class: | Polypodiopsida |
Order: | Polypodiales |
Suborder: | Lindsaeineae |
Family: | Lindsaeaceae C.Presl ex M.R.Schomb.[1] |
Genera | |
See text |
Characteristics include: Rhizomes short to long creeping; rhizomes with nonclathrate scales or uniseriate hairs; blades 1-3 pinnate or more divided; veins usually free; sori marginal or submarginal; indusia open towards margin, sometimes attached at sides, or sori covered by the reflexed segment margin.[4]
For more than a century, these ferns were considered part of the Davalliaceae. Then starting in the mid-twentieth century they began to be transferred to the Dennstaedtiaceae. Molecular data supported the separation of Lindsaeaceae into its own family, which was proposed in 1970.[3] Lindsaeaceae is considered among the most basal of the families in the order Polypodiales. One hypothesis for the relationships within the order is shown in the following cladogram:[5]
Polypodiales |
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The genus Lonchitis has many morphological characteristics similar to Dennstaedtiaceae, but a few characteristics of the spore are similar to the lindsaeoid genera, and molecular data placed this genus in Lindsaeaceae.[6] It is now placed in the related family Lonchitidaceae.[7]
Phylogeny of Lindsaeaceae[8][9] |
The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I) recognized seven genera.[5]
Other sources retain Xyropteris in Lindsaea.[10]
The extinct genus Proodontosoria from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber of Myanmar has been assigned to the family.[11] Other fossil remains assigned to the family include an indeterminate leaf fragment also from the Burmese amber,[12] as well as a permineralized root from the Albian aged Aspen Shale of Wyoming.[13]
Other genera that have been placed in the Lindsaeaceae are:[7]
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