Suraj Mal
Maharaja of Bharatpur from 1755–1763 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Suraj Mal (13 February 1707 – 25 December 1763) was a Jat ruler of Bharatpur in present-day state of Rajasthan. Under him, the Jat rule covered the present-day districts of Agra, Aligarh, Bharatpur, Dholpur, Etawa, Hathras, Mainpuri, Meerut, Ghaziabad, Mathura, and Rohtak, Sonipat, Jhajjar, Nuh, Palwal, Faridabad, Kasganj, Mainpuri, Firozabad, Bulandshahr.[3][4][5][6]
Suraj Mal | |
---|---|
Maharaja of Bharatpur | |
Maharaja of Bharatpur | |
Reign | r. 1755 – 1763 AD |
Coronation | Deeg, 23 May 1755 |
Predecessor | Badan Singh |
Successor | Jawahar Singh |
Born | 13 February 1707 Bharatpur |
Died | 25 December 1763(1763-12-25) (aged 56) near Delhi |
Wives | Maharani Kishori[1] Rani Gauri[1] |
Issue | Jawahar Singh Nahar Singh Ratan Singh Nawal Singh Ranjit Singh |
House | Sinsinwar Jat Dynasty |
Father | Badan Singh Jat[2] |
Mother | Maharani Devki |
Religion | Hinduism |
A contemporary historian had described him as "the Plato of the Jat tribe" and by a modern writer as the "Jat Ulysses", because of his "political sagacity, steady intellect and clear vision."[7] The people, under Suraj Mal, overran the Mughal garrison at Agra.[8] In addition to the troops stationed at his forts, he had an army of more than 75,000 infantry and more than 38,000 cavalry.[8]
Lohagarh Fort is one of the well-known forts located in Bharatpur city of Rajasthan which was built by Maharaja Suraj Mal in 1732 on an artificial island and took eight years to complete. He is famous for building other such forts and palaces in his kingdom. It needed large number of manpower and significant amount of wealth to build such impregnable fort, as the name of the fort itself says-- “Lohagarh”, which means, Iron fort (Loha means Iron and Garh means fort).[9] Lohagarh Fort is considered as one of the strongest fort as British forces led by Lord Lake could not capture it in spite of several attacks during the Siege of Bharatpur. Lord Lake made a siege of the fort in 1805 for six weeks but in spite of so many attacks he couldn’t annex it.[10]
Deeg Palace is a Palace in Deeg & 32 km from city of Bharatpur in Deeg District in Rajasthan, India. It was built in 1730 [11] by Maharaja Suraj Mal as a luxurious summer resort for the rulers of Bharatpur State.