Martin Kamen
American chemist (1913ā2002) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Martin David Kamen (August 27, 1913, Toronto ā August 31, 2002, Montecito, California) was an American chemist who, together with Sam Ruben, co-discovered the synthesis of the isotope carbon-14 on February 27, 1940, at the University of California Radiation Laboratory, Berkeley.[1] He also confirmed that all of the oxygen released in photosynthesis comes from water, not carbon dioxide, in 1941.[2][3]
Kamen was the first to use carbon-14 to study a biochemical system, and his work revolutionized biochemistry and molecular biology, enabling scientists to trace a wide variety of biological reactions and processes.[4] Despite being blacklisted for nearly a decade on suspicion of being a security risk,[5][6] Kamen went on to receive the Albert Einstein World Award of Science in 1989, and the U.S. Department of Energy's 1995 Enrico Fermi award for lifetime scientific achievement.[7][4]