New York City Police Commissioner

The New York City Police Commissioner is the head of the New York City Police Department and presiding member of the Board of Commissioners. The commissioner is appointed by and serves at the pleasure of the mayor. The commissioner is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the department as well as the appointment of deputies including the Chief of Department and subordinate officers. Commissioners are civilian administrators, and they and their subordinate deputies are civilians under an oath of office, not sworn members of the force. This is a separate position from the Chief of Department, who is the senior sworn uniformed member of the force. The First Deputy Commissioner is the Commissioner and department's second-in-command.^[2] The office of the Police Commissioner is located at the NYPD Headquarters, One Police Plaza. Both the commissioner and first deputy commissioner outrank all uniformed officers, including the chief of department.

Police Commissioner of the City of New York
New York Police Department Commissioner's shield
Incumbent Thomas G. Donlon since September 12, 2024
Style	The Honorable (formal) Commissioner (informal)
Appointer	Mayor of New York
Term length	Five years Renewable at mayor's pleasure
Constituting instrument	New York City Charter[1]
Inaugural holder	George W. Matsell (as Superintendent)
Formation	1845
Deputy	First Deputy Commissioner
Website	www.nyc.gov/html/nypd/html/administration/commissioners_corner.shtml

Theodore Roosevelt, in one of his final acts as Governor of New York before becoming Vice President of the United States in March 1901, continued reforms he began when he was police superintendent by signing legislation that replaced the police commission and office of the police chief (previously the superintendent) with a single police commissioner. ^{[Citation Needed]}

The Commissioner's responsibilities include:

• To ensure the effective day-to-day operation of the department
• To appoint the board of Commissioners, the Chief of the Department and all subordinate officers
• To ensure the safety and protection of New York City and its population
• To ensure the department enforces city, state and federal law

List of superintendents, chiefs, and commissioners

Pre-1901

Prior to 1901, the New York City Police Department was run by a board of four to six commissioners. The following is a list of some of the most famous members of the Police Commission:

Presidents of the Board of Commissioners

Name	Dates in office	Mayoral administration
John G Bergen Member of the Board of Police Commissioners	May 1860 - July 17, 1867	Governor Edwin D. Morgan
James Kelso NYC Police Superintendent, NYC Police Commissioner[3]	1869-1873	William M. Tweed
Henry Smith	1873–1874	William Frederick Havemeyer
Hugh Gardner	1874	William Frederick Havemeyer
George W. Matsell	1874–1875	William Frederick Havemeyer
William F. Smith	1877–1879	Smith Ely Jr., Edward Cooper
Stephen B. French	1880–1889	William R. Grace, Franklin Edson, Abram Hewitt
Charles F. McLean		Hugh J. Grant
James J. Martin	1892–1894	Hugh J. Grant, Thomas F. Gilroy
Theodore Roosevelt	1895–1897	William L. Strong
Frank Moss	1897	William L. Strong
Bernard J. York	1898–1900	Robert A. Van Wyck

Members of the Board of Commissioners

• George Washington Matsell, 1845–1857, Superintendent^[4][5]
• John Alexander Kennedy, 1860–1863, Superintendent
• Abram Duryée, 1873–1874, Commissioner
• George Washington Walling, 1874–1885, Superintendent
• William Farrar Smith, 1875–1881, President of the Board of Commissioners
• Fitz John Porter, 1884–1888, Commissioner
• Frederick Dent Grant, 1894–1898, Commissioner
• Theodore Roosevelt, 1895–1897, President of the Board of Commissioners
• John McCullagh, 1897–1898, Superintendent
• John B. Sexton, 1898–1901, Commissioner^[6]
• William Stephen Devery, May 21, 1898 – June 30, 1898 (acting), June 30, 1898 – February 22, 1901. The superintendent title was changed to Chief of Police in 1898. Devery was the Police Department's last superintendent, and first chief.^{[7][8][9][10]}
• John McClintock (police commissioner) Deputy Commissioner 1914

Post-1901

Since 1901, a single commissioner has been in charge of the New York Police Department. The following is a list of the commissioners:

Name	Dates in office	Mayoral administration
Michael Cotter Murphy[9][11][12]	February 22, 1901 – January 1, 1902	Robert Van Wyck
John Nelson Partridge[13][14][15]	January 1, 1902 – January 1, 1903	Seth Low
Francis Vinton Greene[16][17]	January 1, 1903 – January 1, 1904
William McAdoo[18][19][20]	January 1, 1904 – January 1, 1906	George B. McClellan Jr.
Theodore A. Bingham[21][22]	January 1, 1906 – July 1, 1909
William Frazer Baker[23][24][25]	July 1, 1909 – October 20, 1910
		William Jay Gaynor
James Church Cropsey[24][26]	October 20, 1910 – May 23, 1911
Rhinelander Waldo[27][28][29][30]	May 23, 1911 – December 31, 1913
		Ardolph Loges Kline
Douglas Imrie McKay[31][32][33]	December 31, 1913 – April 8, 1914
		John Purroy Mitchel
Arthur Hale Woods[34][35][36]	April 8, 1914 – January 1, 1918
Frederick Hamilton Bugher[37][38]	January 1, 1918 – January 23, 1918 (acting)	John Francis Hylan
Richard Edward Enright[39][40]	January 23, 1918 – December 30, 1925
George Vincent McLaughlin[41][42][43]	January 1, 1926 – April 12, 1927	Jimmy Walker
Joseph A. Warren[44][45][46]	April 12, 1927 – December 18, 1928
Grover Aloysius Whalen[47][48][49]	December 18, 1928 – May 21, 1930
Edward Pierce Mulrooney[50][51][52]	May 21, 1930 – April 11, 1933
		Joseph V. McKee
		John P. O'Brien
James S. Bolan[53][54]	April 15, 1933 – January 1, 1934
John Francis O'Ryan[55][56][57]	January 1, 1934 – September 25, 1934	Fiorello H. La Guardia
Lewis Joseph Valentine[58][59][60]	September 25, 1934 – September 14, 1945
Albert O. Williams[61]	September 14, 1945 – September 23, 1945 (acting)
Arthur William Wallander[62][63][64]	September 23, 1945 – February 28, 1949	William O'Dwyer
William P. O'Brien[65]	February 28, 1949 – September 25, 1950
Thomas Francis Murphy[66][67]	February 21, 1950 – July 6, 1951	Vincent R. Impellitteri
George P. Monaghan[68][69][70]	July 9, 1951 – December 31, 1953
Francis William Holbrooke Adams[71]	January 1, 1954 – August 2, 1955	Robert F. Wagner Jr.
Stephen P. Kennedy[72][73]	August 2, 1955 – February 23, 1961
Michael J. Murphy[73][74][75]	February 23, 1961 – June 7, 1965
Vincent Lyons Broderick[76][77][78]	June 7, 1965 – February 21, 1966
		John Lindsay
Howard R. Leary[79][80][81]	February 21, 1966 – October 9, 1970
Patrick V. Murphy[82][83]	October 9, 1970 – May 14, 1973
Donald Cawley[84][85]	May 14, 1973 – January 1, 1974
Michael Codd[86][87][88]	January 1, 1974 – January 1, 1978	Abraham D. Beame
Robert J. McGuire[89][90][91][92]	January 1, 1978 – December 30, 1983	Edward I. Koch
William J. Devine[91][92][93]	December 30, 1983 – January 1, 1984
Benjamin Ward[91][92][94]	January 1, 1984 – October 23, 1989
Richard J. Condon[95]	October 23, 1989 – January 22, 1990
Lee Patrick Brown[96][97][98]	January 22, 1990 – September 1, 1992	David N. Dinkins
Raymond Walter Kelly[99]	September 1, 1992 – October 16, 1992 (acting) October 16, 1992 – January 10, 1994
William Joseph Bratton[100][101]	January 10, 1994 – April 15, 1996	Rudolph W. Giuliani
Howard Safir[102][103]	April 15, 1996 – August 19, 2000
Bernard Bailey Kerik[104]	August 19, 2000 – January 1, 2002
Raymond Walter Kelly[105]	January 1, 2002 – January 1, 2014 (second appointment)	Michael R. Bloomberg
William Joseph Bratton[106][107]	January 1, 2014 – September 16, 2016 (second appointment)	Bill de Blasio
James P. O'Neill[108][107][109][110]	September 16, 2016 – November 30, 2019
Dermot F. Shea[108][110]	December 1, 2019 – December 31, 2021
Keechant Sewell[111]	January 1, 2022 – June 30, 2023	Eric Adams
Edward A. Caban[112][113][114][115]	July 1, 2023 – July 17, 2023 (acting) July 17, 2023 – September 13, 2024
Thomas G. Donlon[115][116]	September 13, 2024 – current (interim)

In popular culture

In the police procedural television show Blue Bloods, the fictional New York City Police Commissioner Frank Reagan is played by Tom Selleck. His father, Henry Reagan, played by Len Cariou, is a former commissioner.

Salary

The public disclosure of salary as of 2020 is approximately $205,180.00 base, which is considered in line with what most large US cities pay their respective chief of police, and a bit lower than that of the chief of the Los Angeles Police Department.^[117][118]

Gallery

• 
  Simeon Draper, who was one of the original 1857 Board of Police Commissioners
• 
  New York Police Department Superintendent John Alexander Kennedy
• 
  Abram Duryée
• 
  Joel B. Erhardt
• 
  Frederick Dent Grant
• 
  Theodore Roosevelt
• 
  William S. Devery
• 
  Michael Cotter Murphy
• 
  Francis Vinton Greene
• 
  Frederick Hamilton Bugher in 1918
• 
  Raymond W. Kelly
• 
  William J. Bratton
• 
  Bernard Kerik

See also

• New York City portal

• Lists of New York City topics
• List of New York City Police Department officers

References

1. "New York City Charter" (PDF). City of New York. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 16, 2017. Retrieved August 3, 2016.
2. "Leadership". NYPD. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
3. NY Times Archives, 1870-73; Mabel Kelso Torrey
4. Lankevich, George L. (1998). American Metropolis: A History of New York City. New York: NYU Press. p. 85. ISBN 0-8147-5186-5.
5. "Death of George W. Matsell — Sketch of the Career of the Ex-Superintendent of Police — His Connection with the Riots of 1857". New York Times. July 26, 1877. p. 3. Retrieved May 10, 2011. George Washington Matsell, ex-President of the Board of Police, and twice Superintendent of Police in the City, died at 7:10 A.M. yesterday, at his residence in East Fifty-eighth-street, after an illness extending over three weeks. At his bedside were his wife, three sons, and his daughter. He was conscious and...
6. "John B. Sexton, Ex-Sheriff, Dead — Former Police and Health Commissioner Was a Power in Tammany Ten Years Ago — Leader of Old Nineteenth — But Defeated In 1903 by James J. Hagan, Who Routed "Old Timers" with Backing of Murphy". The New York Times. April 2, 1910. p. 11. Retrieved December 22, 2015.
7. "Chief M'Cullagh Out — Mayor Removes Two Police Commissioners and Appoints a New One — W.S. Devery is Acting Chief — Jacob Hess Succeeds T.L. Hamilton on the Board — Mr. Van Wyck Gives His Reasons for the Sudden Action in Most Emphatic Language". The New York Times. May 22, 1898. p. 12. Retrieved October 11, 2016.
8. "New Police Commissioner — Henry E. Abell of Brooklyn Is Named to Succeed William E. Philips — Place for John P. Windolph — He Is Appointed to Succeed Charles H. Murray on the Aqueduct Commission — William S. Devery Is Elected Chief of Police". The New York Times. July 1, 1898. p. 12. Retrieved October 11, 2016.
9. "Col. Murphy New Head of Police Force — Appoints Devery as His First Deputy Commissioner — Gov. Odell Indignant — Thinks Ex-Chief's Retention Is An Affront and May Remove the Mayor — John B. Sexton President of the Health Board". The New York Times. February 23, 1901. p. 1. Retrieved December 9, 2015.
10. "'Big Bill' Devery Dies of Apoplexy — New York's Picturesque Police Chief of Long Ago Stricken at Far Rockaway — Famed for His Philosophy — First "Chief of Police" City Had — Van Wyck Called Him the Best — Later Ran for Mayor". The New York Times. June 21, 1919. p. 1. Retrieved December 22, 2015.
11. "Colonel Murphy Resigns — Police Commissioner Forestalls Removal by Mr. Low — Transfers Nine Captains and Sergeants — Devery to Renew His Claim to Title of Chief of Police". The New York Times. January 1, 1902. p. 5. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
12. "Death of Col. Murphy — Ex-Police Commissioner Succumbs to Old Stomach Trouble — His Civil War Record and Varied Career in New York City Democratic Politics". The New York Times. March 5, 1903. p. 9. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
13. "Col. Partridge Now Head Of The Police — He Succeeds Col. Murphy as Commissioner and Chief — Devery Loses His Place — The Deputy Commissioner Makes a Formal Protest Against His Removal — Col. Partridge's Address". The New York Times. January 2, 1902. p. 2. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
14. "Police Commissioer Partridge Resigns — Says He Needs Rest and Intimates He Is Tired of Criticism — City Club Was to Have Demanded His Removal — Some of Those Mentioned as Likely to Succeed Him". The New York Times. December 13, 1902. p. 1. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
15. "Col. J.N. Partridge Dies at 82 Years — Police Commissioner of New York in 1902 Was Long Prominent in Public Life". The New York Times. April 9, 1920. p. 13. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
16. "Gen. Greene Is Chosen As Police Commissioner — Col. Partridge's Successor to Have Full Sway — West Point Graduate and Personal Friend of President Roosevelt and Gov. Odell". The New York Times. December 24, 1902. p. 1. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
17. "Gen. F.V. Greene Dies After Long Illness — Ex-Police Commissioner and Colonel of 71st Regt. Passes Away at His Home Here — In His Seventy-First Year — Had Long and Varied Career as Soldier, Author and Business Executive". The New York Times. May 16, 1923. p. 15. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
18. "New Mayor In Office — Col. McClellan's Address In Taking Over City Government — Promises to Administer Affairs in the Interest of All the People — Compliments His Predecessor on the Esteem Which He Has Earned". The New York Times. January 2, 1904. p. 14. Retrieved December 9, 2015.
19. "M'Adoo Upbraids Mayor And Dismisses Eggers — Says Mr. McClellan Ignored Gentlemanly Usages — Howell Blamed For Split — Former Head of Vice Squad Threatens Disclosures, and Says He Will Fight for Vindication". The New York Times. December 31, 1905. p. 3. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
20. "Magistrate M'Adoo Dies Suddenly at 76 — Chief of Lower Courts for 20 Years Succumbs at His Home After Illness of 4 Days — In Public Life 50 Years — In Congress 4 Terms, Assistant Secretary of Navy and Once Police Commissioner". The New York Times. June 8, 1930. p. 1. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
21. "To Enforce The Laws My Policy — Bingham — Backbone and Public Confidence Will Abolish Graft — Hopes to Close Poolrooms — That Is, If He Finds They Are Running — Daniel Slattery Gets Howell's Job". The New York Times. December 31, 1905. p. 3. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
22. "Gen. Bingham Dies at Summer Home — Former Police Commissioner of New York Succumbs in Canada at Age of 76 — Ruled With an Iron Hand — His Rugged Leadership Brougt Political Protests — Served in Bridge Department Also". The New York Times. September 7, 1934. p. 21. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
23. "Ousts Bingham, Puts Baker In — Mayor Acts Quickly When the Commissioner Refuses to Obey All His Orders — A Clean Sweep Follows — Hanson, Slattery, and Woods Resign — Stover Succeeds Hanson — Russell Reduced to Captain — "I'll Be Back" -- Bingham — Sees Politics in His Removal and Leaves Office Full of Fight — A Mr. Pratt May Take Charge in Brooklyn". The New York Times. July 2, 1909. p. 1. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
24. "Mayor Drops Police Heads; New Men In — Baker, Bugher, and Kirby Go — James C. Cropsey Is Made Commissioner — Driscoll First Deputy — Flynn, the Secret Service Head, Second Deputy and Chief of Detective Bureau — The Upheaval Sudden — The Appointees Hurry to Headquarters and Find Baker Locked in His Office — Bugher Attacks Gaynor — Says the Mayor Broke Faith with Him — His Honor Doesn't "Acquiesce" in That Statement". The New York Times. October 21, 1910. p. 1. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
25. "W.F. Baker Dead; Head of Phillies — President of National League Team of Philadelphia Stricken in Montreal — Once Police Head Here — Served Under Mayors McClellan and Gaynor — Manager of Coler's Campaign for Governor". The New York Times. December 5, 1930. p. 25. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
26. "James C. Cropsey, Jurist, Dies at 64 — Supreme Court Justice, Long Active in Legal Circles, Is Stricken in Brooklyn — Was Police Commissioner — Headed Department Here Short Time in 1910-11 — Later Kings County District Attorney". The New York Times. June 17, 1937. p. 23. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
27. "Gaynor Puts Waldo In Cropsey's Place — Tells Him to Banish Favoritism from Police as He Did from Fire Department — Inspector O'Brien Out — Cropsey's Last Official Act — Resigned Thursday After a Tilt — Croker or O'Keeffe for Fire Head". The New York Times. May 24, 1911. p. 1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
28. "Waldo Resigns; Will Go Wednesday — Police Department Headless When Mayor Mitchel's Administration Begins — Protest From Mayor Kline — Commissioner Rescinds Order Transferring Heads of Bureaus and His Personal Staff". The New York Times. December 30, 1913. p. 1. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
29. "Kline Ousts Waldo — Calls Him Childish — Willing to Break Down Police Department to Satisfy His Pique, Mayor Writes — Puts McKay In His Place — Waldo Hurries Out of Town After Telling Kline Removal is Illegal — McKay Revises His Orders". The New York Times. January 1, 1914. p. 1. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
30. "Col. Waldo, 50, Dies Of Septic Poisoning — Former Police and Fire Head Succumbs at Garrison, N.Y., of an Old Ailment — Served in the Philippines — Arduous Labors There Blamed for Fatal Illness — Storm Centre While In Office Here". The New York Times. August 14, 1927. p. 28. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
31. "Mitchel Names His City Helpers — Henry Bruere City Chamberlain, Adamson Fire Commissioner, as Predicted — John T. Featherston, Recognized Expert, to Clean the Streets — Miss Davis Commissioner — Republicans Get Many Places, Progressives Two, Independent Democrats the Rest". The New York Times. January 1, 1914. p. 1. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
32. "Mayor To Remodel The Police Himself — Will Do the Best He Can Under the Existing Law, Since He Can't Change That — But Goethals Is Out Of It — The Assembly, by Its Action, Has Eliminated Him as a Commissioner, He Says Regretfully". The New York Times. March 26, 1914. p. 16. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
33. "Douglas I. M'Kay, Ex-City Aide, Dies — Police Commissioner in '14 — Revived Revived the Line-Up". The New York Times. September 28, 1962. p. 33. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
34. "Woods To Become Police Head To-Day — Mayor Names His Private Secretary Commissioner "For the Full Term" — Two Will Shape Policy — But Woods Will Direct Its Carrying Out — Deputies May Stay — $1,000 For Honor Legion Fund". The New York Times. April 8, 1914. p. 9. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
35. "Woods Will Quite When Mayor Does — Police Commissioner Announces He Will Leave His Office on Dec. 31 — Shows Loyalty to Friend — Tammany Is Guessing Who Will Succeed Him, While Murphy Says He Will Suggest No One". The New York Times. November 10, 1917. p. 4. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
36. "Arthur Woods, 72, Is Dead In Capital — Police Commissioner Here in 1914 to '18 Introduced New Methods of Enforcement — Air Colonel With A.E.F. — Sociologist, Former Reporter, Taught Roosevelt at Groton — Wed Late J.P. Morgan Kin". The New York Times. May 13, 1942. p. 19. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
37. "Named By Hylan For Big City Posts — Alfred J. Johnson, City Chamberlain, Has Prominent Wall Street Connections — Many Veterans Appointed — Bird S. Coler, W.P. Burr, N.J. Hayes, J.A. Cantor, and Arthur Murphy All on the List". The New York Times. January 2, 1918. p. 3. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
38. "Hylan Tells Why He 'Fired' Bugher; His 23-Day-Policy Commissioner Was Only 'Negatively Honest,' Kiwanis Hear". The New York Times. October 20, 1921. p. 19. Retrieved February 8, 2013.
39. "Hylan Forces Bugher Out; Names Enright — Police Commissioner Resigns After Protesting That Mayor Hampered His Work — Split Over Appointees — Mayor Ousts Commissioner for Alleged Attitude Toward Motor Cycle Scandal — 'Pretext,' Says Bugher — Police Lieutenant, Summoned from Station Duty, Hurriedly Takes Charge of the Department". The New York Times. January 24, 1918. p. 1. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
40. "R.E. Enright Dies; Headed City Police — Commissioner Under Hylan, First to Rise From Ranks, Had Been Hurt in Fall — Organized Vice Squad — His Eight Years in Office Set Record for Length at Time — Eased Work Conditions". The New York Times. September 5, 1953. p. 15. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
41. "Walker Now Mayor — Dr. Louis I. Harris Named Health Head — New Mayor Picks Aids for All Posts but One — Formal Induction at Noon — Satisfied With Selections — Many Hylan Heads Retained — McCooey and Connelly Fare Well in Job Distribution. Nicholson to Stay a Year — Corporation Counsel Then to Quit on a Pension — Senator Downing Expected to Succeed Him". The New York Times. January 1, 1926. p. 1. Retrieved December 10, 2015.
42. "M'Lauglin Quites Police Force For $75,000 MacKay Polst; Warren To Succeed Him — Resignation Is Sudden — He and All Leaders Deny Politics or Gambling Raids Caused Action — Some Glee in Tammany — Commissioner, Not Yet 40, Is Said to Be Slated for Head of Cable Companies — Many Praise His Record — Warren Now in Accounts Post — Dates for Shift to Be Fixed Today — Police Sorrowful". The New York Times. March 30, 1927. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
43. "George McLaughlin, Banker, 80, Dies; Tried to Stamp Out Gambling". The New York Times. December 8, 1967. p. 42. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
44. "Warren Is Inducted As New Police Head; Outlines His Aims — Commissioner in First Speech Pledges He Will Follow McLaughlin's Policies — The Mayor Backs Him Up — "Outside Influences" Won't Be Tolerated — McLaughlin in Farewell Reviews Rookies — He Extols The Force — Finest in the World, His Final Official Word to 1,040 Recruits at the City Hall". The New York Times. April 13, 1927. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
45. "Warren Resigns; Shake-Up Is Likely Among Police Aides — Quitting, Commissioner Wants Deputies to Stay, but Walker In—dicates Some Will Go — Free Hand For Successor — Mayor Sees Whalen to Urge Him to Take Post After Praising Work of Retiring Official — Dec. 31 Fixed by Warren — But Wishes to Return to Law Earlier — Paterson and McCarthy, Ex-Federal Marshal, Considered". The New York Times. December 14, 1928. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
46. "Warren Dies At 47, A Victim Of Strain As Head Of Police; Former Commissioner Succumbs to a Stroke in Sanitarium After Steady Decline — Worn by Rothstein Case — Murder Caused Displacement, Ending Public Career Which Began in Assembly in 1911 — Police to Lower Flags — Ensigns on All Manhattan Public Buildings Also Ordered at Half Staff — Funeral on Friday". The New York Times. August 14, 1929. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
47. "Whalen Takes Police Post; All Deputies Will Resign To Make Way For Shake-Up; Demand Made For Loyalty — Commissioner Plans to Begin Reforms Today on Efficiency Basis — Bans 'Back-Door' Orders — Expects All His to Be Obeyed as Issued, He Informs Department. Walker Swears Him In — He Promptly Calls Inspectors for Parley This Afternoon — Flowers Fill His Office". The New York Times. December 19, 1928. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
48. "Whalen Wrought Changes In Police — Reorganized Machinery of the Force, Added 4,000 Men and Rewarded Good Work — Took Post at End of 1928 — Commissioner First Entered Public Affairs as Hyian Campaign Aide-- Joined Walker Ranks in 1925". The New York Times. May 21, 1930. p. 20. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
49. "Grover A. Whalen Dies at 75; Made City's Welcome Famous; Led World's Fair in '39 and '40 — Police Commissioner Under Mayor Walker". The New York Times. No. April 21, 1962. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
50. "Mulrooney Sworn; Policy Is Restraint — "Won't Be Rash," Declares New Police Chief, Promising to Keep Whalen Innovations — City Hall Ceremony Brief — Walker Lauds Career — Veteran of Department Abashed by Headquarters Ceremonies". The New York Times. May 22, 1930. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
51. "Mulrooney To Quit Police Post Today — He Will Hand His Resignation to Mayor O'Brien at the City Hall — Successor Not Picked — McAndrew, Hoyt, Hoey and Inspectors Sullivan and Cummings Are Mentioned as Timber". The New York Times. April 11, 1933. p. 2. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
52. "Edward Mulrooney, 85, Dead; Police Commissioner 1930-33 — Also First Chairman of State Alcoholic Beverage Control — Held Correction Post". The New York Times. May 1, 1960. p. 86. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
53. "Bolan Heads Police As Choice Of Curry; Plans No Shake-Up — O'Brien, Swearing In the New Commissioner, Exhorts Him to Keep Free of Politics — Pledges Him Free Hand — McCooey, Disappointed in the Choice, Praises Appointee as a 'Fine Fellow' — Won Fame as a Raider — New Chief It Backed by Anti-Vice Society and Trade Groups — Walsh Gets His Command". The New York Times. April 16, 1933. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
54. "James Bolan Dies; Headed City Police — Commissioner for 8 Months in 1933 Was 79 — Served 37 Years in Department". The New York Times. May 27, 1952. p. 27. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
55. "LaGuardia Moves to Clean Up City; Starts Hunt for Graft in Bureaus; Tammany Organizes the Alderman — Mayor Swears in Aides — Tells Each to Remove 'Every One' if Needed to Get Efficiency — Pledges Them Free Hand — Politicians No Longer Will Interfere With Prisons or Relief, He Says — First Day Is Strenuous — New Executive Leaves Home at 8:28 A.M., Does Not Quit City Hall Till 6:30". The New York Times. January 2, 1934. p. 1. Retrieved December 10, 2015.
56. "O'Ryan Accuses Mayor Of Undue Interference, Thus Encouraging Crime — Reviews Their Disputes — Statement Says 'Tirade' on Sept. 13 Brought Things to a Climax — General Quit That Night — Charges LaGuardia Disrupted Morale of the Force — Finds Their Views Far Apart — Fears for Public Safety — Believes Disorderly Elements Have Gained Impression City Hall Is Backing Them". The New York Times. September 25, 1934. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
57. "Gen. O'Ryan Dead; Headed The 27th — Commander of Division in France, 85, Was Police Commissioner in 1934 — Partner in Law Firm — Former Head of New York National Guard Was State Civilian Defense Director". The New York Times. January 31, 1961. p. 29. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
58. "LaGuardia Calls O'Ryan's Charges 'False, Malicious' — Says His Criticisms Are Those of 'an Ill-Tempered Former Police Official' — Valentine Takes Post — New Commissioner Asserts '2% of Force Are Potential Scandals and Disgraces'". The New York Times. September 26, 1934. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
59. "Valentine Retires; La Guardia Delays Naming Successor — Mayor Tells Police at Promotion Ceremonies New Head Will Come From Ranks". The New York Times. September 15, 1945. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
60. "Lewis J. Valentine Dies In Hospital, 64 — Former Police Commissioner, 42 Years in Department, Had Been Ill Since Japan Trip — Served in Post 1934-45 — Helped Reorganize System for MacArthur in East — Known as Stern and Fearless". The New York Times. December 17, 1946. p. 31. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
61. "Mayor Will Name Police Head Soon — La Guardia at Headquarters in Quest of a Man to Succeed Valentine". The New York Times. September 18, 1945. p. 40. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
62. "Wallander Sworn In Radio Ceremony — Police Commissioner Takes Oath in an Air Drama Staged by La Guardia". The New York Times. September 24, 1945. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
63. "Wallander Finishes His Career As 'Cop'". The New York Times. March 1, 1949. p. 50. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
64. Waggoner, Walter H. (November 5, 1980). "Arthur Wallander, Commissioner of Police of New York City in '40's". The New York Times. p. B16. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
65. "O'Brien Out As Police Head; Murphy Of Hiss Case Named; Jury Asks Reform Of Force — Climax of Inquiry — Retiring Commissioner Says Gambling Quest Forces His Step — His Integrity Defended — Impelliteri and O'Dwyer Voice Praise — Choice of New Aide Wins Wide Acceptance". The New York Times. September 26, 1950. p. 1. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
66. "Police Commissioner Sworn In For Five Year Term". The New York Times. February 22, 1951. p. 50. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
67. "Murphy Sworn In As Federal Judge — Crowd Watches as Goddard Administers Oath — Ranking Police Officials Present". The New York Times. July 7, 1951. p. 17. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
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External links

• Police Commissioner page on the New York Police Department website