Oxymetholone
Androgen and anabolic steroid / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Oxymetholone, sold under the brand names Anadrol and Anapolon among others, is an androgen and anabolic steroid (AAS) medication which is used primarily in the treatment of anemia.[4][5] It is also used to treat osteoporosis, HIV/AIDS wasting syndrome, and to promote weight gain[6] and muscle growth in certain situations.[4] It is taken by mouth.[4][5]
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Trade names | Anadrol, Anapolon, others |
Other names | CI-406; NSC-26198; 2-Hydroxymethylene-17α-methyl-4,5α-dihydrotestosterone; 2-Hydroxymethylene-17α-methyl-DHT; 2-Hydroxymethylene-17α-methyl-5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Consumer Drug Information |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
Drug class | Androgen; Anabolic steroid |
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Bioavailability | Well-absorbed[2] |
Metabolism | Liver[2][3] |
Elimination half-life | Unknown[3] |
Excretion | Urine[2][3] |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.006.454 |
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Formula | C21H32O3 |
Molar mass | 332.484 g·mol−1 |
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Side effects of oxymetholone include increased sexual desire as well as symptoms of masculinization like acne, increased hair growth, and voice changes.[4] It can also cause liver damage.[4][5] The drug is a synthetic androgen and anabolic steroid and hence is an agonist of the androgen receptor (AR), the biological target of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT).[4][7] It has strong anabolic effects and weak androgenic effects.[4]
Oxymetholone was first prescribed in 1959 and was introduced for medical use but shortly after was discontinued due its high lipid toxicity in the year 1961.[4][8][9][10] It is used mostly in the United States.[4][11] In addition to its medical use, oxymetholone is used to improve physique and performance.[4] The drug is a controlled substance in many countries and so non-medical use is generally illicit.[4]