Evaluation of work by one or more people of similar competence to the producers of the work

Peer review

Peer review

Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people with similar competencies as the producers of the work (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/peer#Etymology_2" title="wiktionary:peer" class="extiw" target="_blank">peers</a>).<a href="#cite_note-1" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 1;">[1]</a> It functions as a form of self-regulation by qualified members of a profession within the relevant <a href="/en/Field_of_study" title="Field of study" class="mw-redirect wl">field</a>. Peer review methods are used to maintain quality standards, improve performance, and provide credibility. In <a href="/en/Academia" title="Academia" class="mw-redirect wl">academia</a>, <a href="/en/Scholarly_peer_review" title="Scholarly peer review" class="wl">scholarly peer review</a> is often used to determine an <a href="/en/Academic_paper" title="Academic paper" class="mw-redirect wl">academic paper</a>'s suitability for publication. Peer review can be categorized by the type of activity and by the field or profession in which the activity occurs, e.g., <a href="#Medical" target="_blank">medical peer review</a>. It can also be used as a teaching tool to help students improve writing assignments.<a href="#cite_note-:4-2" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 2;">[2]</a>

<div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none" about="#mwt1">Evaluation of work by one or more people of similar competence to the producers of the work</div>
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<figure class="mw-default-size wiki-thumb"><a href="/en/File:ScientificReview.jpg" class="mw-file-description image media-thumb" data-hash="File:ScientificReview.jpg"><img loading="lazy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/ScientificReview.jpg/260px-ScientificReview.jpg" decoding="async" data-file-width="1044" data-file-height="588" data-file-type="bitmap" height="146" width="260" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/ScientificReview.jpg/390px-ScientificReview.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/ScientificReview.jpg/520px-ScientificReview.jpg 2x" alt="ScientificReview.jpg"></a><figcaption>A reviewer at the American National Institutes of Health evaluating a <a href="/en/Grant_(money)" title="Grant (money)" class="wl">grant</a> proposal</figcaption></figure>

<a href="/en/Henry_Oldenburg" title="Henry Oldenburg" class="wl">Henry Oldenburg</a> (1619–1677) was a German-born British philosopher who is seen as the 'father' of modern scientific peer review.<a href="#cite_note-:0-3" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 3;">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 4;">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 5;">[5]</a>

Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people with similar competencies as the producers of the work . Henry Oldenburg was a German-born British philosopher who is seen as the 'father' of modern scientific peer review. 