Politics of Bangladesh
Political system of Bangladesh / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about Politics of Bangladesh?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
Politics of Bangladesh takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Bangladesh is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The Constitution of Bangladesh was written in 1972 and has undergone seventeen amendments.[1]
This article may be too long to read and navigate comfortably. (May 2023) |
Politics of Bangladesh | |
---|---|
· | |
Polity type | Parliamentary Republic |
Constitution | Constitution of Bangladesh |
Legislative branch | |
Name | Jatiya Sangsad |
Type | Unicameral |
Meeting place | Jatiya Sangsad Bhaban |
Presiding officer | Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury, Speaker |
Executive branch | |
Head of State | |
Title | President |
Currently | Mohammed Shahabuddin |
Appointer | Parliament |
Head of Government | |
Title | Prime Minister |
Currently | Sheikh Hasina |
Appointer | President |
Cabinet | |
Name | Cabinet of Bangladesh |
Current cabinet | Fifth Hasina cabinet |
Leader | Prime Minister |
Appointer | President |
Headquarters | Bangladesh Secretariat |
Ministries | 36 |
Judicial branch | |
Name | Judiciary of Bangladesh |
Supreme Court of Bangladesh | |
Chief judge | Obaidul Hassan |
Seat | Supreme Court Building |
The current parliamentary system was adopted in 1991. Between 1975 and 1990 the nation experienced military rule. A caretaker government was first introduced in 1990 after the resignation of military dictator Lieutenant General Hussain Muhammad Ershad (Ershad) to observe a neutral democratic election, as per demands of the two major political parties Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) and Awami League (AL). Following the forced resignation of Ershad, Chief Justice Shahabuddin Ahmed was nominated as the Chief Advisor and observed the 1991 general election. A Caretaker government is headed by a Chief Adviser who enjoys the same power as the regular prime minister of the country except defense matters. The Advisors function as Ministers. After 1991, the Caretaker government has also held the elections of 1996, 2001 and 2008. Although the first caretaker government was intended to help the transition from authoritarianism to democracy, this system was institutionalized in 1996 by the Sixth Parliament due to rising mistrust between the BNP and AL. In 2011 the then ruling party AL abolished the caretaker government system. This has been the biggest cause of dispute among many others between the BNP and the AL since then.[2]
The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Bangladesh a "hybrid regime" in 2022.[3]
Office | Name | Party | Since |
---|---|---|---|
President | Mohammed Shahabuddin | Awami League | 24 April 2023 |
Prime Minister | Sheikh Hasina | Awami League | 6 January 2009 |
Parliament Speaker | Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury | Awami League | 30 April 2013 |
Chief Justice | Obaidul Hassan | Nonpartisan | 26 September 2023 |