Ramadan Revolution
1963 Ba'athist military coup in Iraq / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Ramadan Revolution, also referred to as the 8 February Revolution and the February 1963 coup d'état in Iraq, was a military coup by the Iraqi branch of the Ba'ath Party which overthrew the Prime Minister of Iraq, Abdul-Karim Qasim in 1963. It took place between 8 and 10 February 1963. Qasim's former deputy, Abdul Salam Arif, who was not a Ba'athist, was given the largely ceremonial title of President, while prominent Ba'athist general Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr was named Prime Minister. The most powerful leader of the new government was the secretary general of the Iraqi Ba'ath Party, Ali Salih al-Sa'di, who controlled the National Guard militia and organized a massacre of hundreds—if not thousands—of suspected communists and other dissidents following the coup.[5]
Ramadan Revolution | |||||||
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Part of the Cold War and the Arab Cold War | |||||||
A sign with the image of Qasim taken down during the coup | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
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National Council of the Revolutionary Command
Supported by: | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Abd al-Karim Qasim |
Ali Salih al-Sa'di Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr Abdul Salam Arif | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
100[2] | 80[3] | ||||||
1,500–5,000 alleged civilian supporters of Qasim and/or the Iraqi Communist Party killed during a three day "house-to-house search"[2][4] |
The government lasted approximately nine months, until Arif disarmed the National Guard in the November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état, which was followed by a purge of Ba'ath Party members.