Republic of Afghanistan (1973–1978)
State in Central Asia from 1973 to 1978 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Republic of Afghanistan (Pashto: د افغانستان جمهوریت, Dǝ Afġānistān Jumhūriyat; Dari: جمهوری افغانستان, Jǝmhūri Afġānistān) was the first republic in Afghanistan. It is often called the Daoud Republic or the Jamhuriyye-Sardaran (Republic of the Princes), as it was established in July 1973 after General Sardar Mohammad Daoud Khan of the Barakzai dynasty alongside senior Barakzai Princes deposed his cousin, King Mohammad Zahir Shah, in a coup d'état. The occcasion for the coup was the 1964 Constitution of Afghanistan, that took power from most members of the royal family, in favour of the centralization under Zahir Shah and his offspring under the tenet of democracy.[1] Daoud Khan was known for his autocracy and attempts to modernize the country with help from both the Soviet Union and the United States, among others.[2]
Republic of Afghanistan | |||||||||
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1973–1978 | |||||||||
Anthem: څو چې دا ځمكه اّسمان وي (Pashto) Tso če dā źməka asmān wī "So long as there is Earth and Heaven" | |||||||||
Capital | Kabul 33°N 65°E / 33; 65 | ||||||||
Common languages | Pashto, Dari | ||||||||
Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||||||
Demonym(s) | Afghan | ||||||||
Government | Unitary one-party presidential republic under an authoritarian dictatorship | ||||||||
President | |||||||||
• 1973–1978 | Mohammad Daoud Khan | ||||||||
Legislature | Loya Jirga | ||||||||
Historical era | Cold War | ||||||||
17 July 1973 | |||||||||
27–28 April 1978 | |||||||||
Currency | Afghani | ||||||||
Calling code | +93 | ||||||||
ISO 3166 code | AF | ||||||||
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In 1978, a military coup known as the Saur Revolution took place, instigated by the communist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan, in which Daoud and his family were killed. The "Daoud Republic" was subsequently succeeded by the Soviet-backed Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.[3]