Santi Apostoli, Venice

The Chiesa dei Santi Apostoli di Cristo (Church of the Holy Apostles of Christ), commonly called San Apostoli, is a 7th-century Roman Catholic church located in the Cannaregio sestiere of the Italian city of Venice. It is one of the oldest churches in the city and has undergone numerous changes since its foundation. The present building is the result of a major reconstruction project which was undertaken in 1575. The church is notable particularly for the Cornaro Chapel, an important example of Early Renaissance architecture, added by Mauro Codussi during the 1490s. The chapel is the burial place of several members of the powerful Cornaro family (Venetian: Corner), including Catherine Cornaro, Queen of Cyprus and Armenia. The church houses several works of art including pieces by Giambattista Tiepolo and Paolo Veronese.

Chiesa dei Santi Apostoli di Cristo Church of the Holy Apostles of Christ
The campanile and the campo of San Apostoli
Religion
Affiliation	Roman Catholic
Status	Active
Location
Municipality	Venice
Country	Italy
Location within Venice
Geographic coordinates	45°26′25.81″N 12°20′11.87″E
Architecture
Type	Church
Style	Gothic-Renaissance

Apse on Campo dietro la chiesa

History

In the 7th century Venice was not yet a city, but a collection of small communities scattered throughout the lagoon. St Magnus (Italian: San Magno), the Bishop of Oderzo, came to the lagoon and founded eight churches.^[1] According to a legend recounted by the historian Flaminio Cornaro, St Magnus had a vision of the Twelve Apostles who commanded him to build a church on a site where he saw twelve cranes. This location, eventually to be in the sestiere of Cannaregio, became the site of the church of San Apostoli.^[2] The church stands on the Campo dei Santi Apostoli at the beginning of the Strada Nuova (New Road).

During the 1490s the Cappella Cornaro, built as a burial place for the wealthy Venetian Cornaro family, was added to the church.^[3] It is considered one of the most important Early Renaissance chapels in Venice.^{[note 1]} It is unknown exactly who designed the chapel, although it is most often attributed to the architect Mauro Codussi.^{[4][note 2]} At the same time a porch was added to the front of the church and a sacristy was built. These alterations were also overseen by Codussi.^{[citation needed]}

In the middle of the 16th century the church briefly housed the Catecumeni, a Venetian fraternity for those wishing to convert to Christianity, before they established a permanent home at San Gregorio in 1571.^[5] Shortly after this, in 1575, the church was completely rebuilt.^[1] Only parts of the earlier structure were retained, including some frescos and the Cornaro Chapel.^{[citation needed]}

During the early 18th century, Andrea Tirali added detailing, including the onion dome, to the campanile which itself had been a late 17th-century addition.^[3]

Interior

The church retains its 16th century layout: a single nave supported by two rows of columns. One chapel has the funeral monument of Count Giuseppe Mangilli, designed by Luigi Trezza with bust by Angelo Pizzi. The main altarpiece is a Custodian Angel by Bernardo Strozzi.^[6]

Cornaro Chapel

The chapel is the burial place of several members of the Cornaro family, including Giorgio Cornaro and his sister Catherine Cornaro the Queen of Cyprus^[7] (since removed to the church of San Salvadore^[8] elsewhere in Venice), The charitable organisation Save Venice funded the restoration of the chapel, including the relief carvings.^[9] The main altar of this chapel was the Last Communion of St Lucy (1747–48) by Tiepolo.

• 
  Interior
• 
  Font
• 
  Organ
• 
  St Peter (Heinrich Meyring)
• 
  John the Baptist (Giacomo Piazzetta)

Art

The church contains a number of paintings, including:

• Paolo Veronese, Gathering of Manna, 1580–85.^[10]
• Giovanni Contarini, Birth of the Virgin, 1599
• Cesare da Conegliano, Last Supper, 1583
• Fabio Canal, Communion of the Apostles and Exaltation of the Eucharist, 17th century
• Sebastiano Santi, Christ between the Apostles, 1828

• 
  Last Communion of St Lucy (Giambattista Tiepolo)
• 
  Birth of the Virgin, 1599 (Giovanni Contarini)
• 
  Christ between the Apostles, 1828 (Sebastiano Santi)
• 
  The Virgin and Child, St Joseph, St John the Baptist and St Anthony of Padua (Gaspare Diziani)
• 
  St Catherine of Alexandria, St Anthony Abbot, St Jerome and St John of Nepomuk (Domenico Maggiotto)

Ceiling paintings by Fabio Canale

• 
  Communion of the Apostles and Exaltation of the Eucharist
• 
  St Matthew
• 
  St Mark
• 
  St Luke
• 
  St John

Notes

1. The other early Renaissance chapels in Venice are the Gussoni in San Lio, the Badoer Giustinian in San Francesco della Vigna, and the Martini in San Giobbe
2. The other possible candidate is Pietro Lombardo

Citations

1. Giordano, Venice Described, p. 85
2. "Churches in Venice – San Magno and his eight churches". Slow Travel. 2009-05-31. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
3. Biucchi, Venice: An Architectural Guide, p. 2.22
4. Huse, The Art of Renaissance Venice, p. 86
5. Pullan, The Jews of Europe, p. 262
6. Nuova Guida di Venezia by Giannantonio Moschini, 1842, page 83.
7. Hazlitt, History of the Venetian Republic, p. 120
8. Hurlburt, Holly (2009). "Body of Empire: Caterina Corner in Venetian History and Iconography". Early Modern Women. 4: 61. doi:10.1086/EMW23541572. S2CID 236502097.
9. "Other Restorations – Cornaro Chapel in SS. Apostoli". Save Venice. Retrieved 2010-01-14.
10. Nichols, Tintoretto, p. 236

References

• Biucchi, Edwina (2002). Venice: An Architectural Guide.
• Hazlitt, William Carew. History of the Venetian Republic. Vol. 4.
• Giordano, Andrea (1844). Venice described by Baron A. G. From the original Italian. adapted to assist as a guide to the Model of Venice, etc.
• Nichols, Tom (2004). Tintoretto: Tradition and Identity.
• Pullan, Brian (1998). The Jews of Europe and the Inquisition of Venice, 1550–1670.
• Huse, Norbert (1993). The Art of Renaissance Venice: Architecture, Sculpture, and Painting, 1460–1590. University of Chicago Press.

Italian

• Brusegan, Marcello (2007). Le chiese di Venezia [The Churches of Venice] (in Italian). Newton Compton. ISBN 9788854108196.
• Bulgarelli, Massimo; Ceriana, Matteo (1996). "La cappella Corner nella chiesa dei Santi Apostoli a Venezia" [Corner Chapel in the Church of Santi Apostoli in Venice]. All'ombra delle volte: Architettura del Quattrocento a Firenze e Venezia [The Shadow of the Times: 15th-century architecture in Florence and Venice] (in Italian). Electa. ISBN 9788843555390.
• Lorenzetti, Giulio (1974). Venezia e il suo estuario: guida storico-artistica [Venice and its lagoon: an art-historical guide] (in Italian). Lint Editoriale. ISBN 9788886179249.