Stjepan Mesić
President of Croatia from 2000 to 2010 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Stjepan "Stipe" Mesić (pronounced [stjêpaːn stǐːpe měːsit͡ɕ]; born 24 December 1934) is a Croatian lawyer and politician who served as President of Croatia from 2000 to 2010. Before serving two five-year terms as president, he was prime minister of SR Croatia (1990) after the first multi-party elections, the last president of the Presidency of Yugoslavia (1991) and consequently secretary general of the Non-Aligned Movement (1991), as well as speaker of the Croatian Parliament (1992–1994), a judge in Našice, and mayor of his hometown of Orahovica.[3][better source needed]
Stjepan Mesić | |
---|---|
President of Croatia | |
In office 19 February 2000 – 18 February 2010 | |
Prime Minister | Ivica Račan Ivo Sanader Jadranka Kosor |
Preceded by | Franjo Tuđman Zlatko Tomčić (acting) |
Succeeded by | Ivo Josipović |
Speaker of the Croatian Parliament | |
In office 7 September 1992 – 24 May 1994 | |
President | Franjo Tuđman |
Preceded by | Žarko Domljan |
Succeeded by | Nedjeljko Mihanović |
President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia | |
In office 30 June 1991 – 6 December 1991 | |
Prime Minister | Ante Marković |
Deputy | Branko Kostić |
Preceded by | Borisav Jović Sejdo Bajramović (Acting) |
Succeeded by | Position abolisheda |
Vice-President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia | |
In office 24 August 1990 – 15 May 1991 | |
President | Borisav Jović |
Prime Minister | Ante Marković |
Preceded by | Stipe Šuvar |
Succeeded by | Branko Kostić |
Member of the Presidency of Yugoslavia for the Republic of Croatia | |
In office 24 August 1990 – 6 December 1991 | |
President | Borisav Jović Sejdo Bajramović Himself |
Preceded by | Stipe Šuvar |
Succeeded by | Position abolished |
Prime Minister of Croatia | |
In office 30 May 1990 – 24 August 1990 | |
President | Franjo Tuđman |
Preceded by | Antun Milović |
Succeeded by | Josip Manolić |
Secretary of the Non-Aligned Movement | |
In office 30 June 1991 – 6 December 1991 | |
Preceded by | Borisav Jović |
Succeeded by | Branko Kostić |
Personal details | |
Born | (1934-12-24) 24 December 1934 (age 89) Orahovica, Yugoslavia (now Croatia) |
Political party | Independent (2000–present)[1] |
Other political affiliations | SKH (1955–1990) HDZ (1990–1994) HND (1994–1997) HNS (1997–2000) |
Spouse | |
Children | 2[2] |
Alma mater | University of Zagreb |
Profession | Lawyer |
Signature | |
a Branko Kostić assumed the powers and duties of the office as acting president upon Mesić's resignation | |
Mesić was a deputy in the Croatian Parliament in the 1960s, and was then absent from politics until 1990 when he joined the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ), and was named President of the Executive Council (Prime Minister) of the Socialist Republic of Croatia (then still a constituent republic of the SFR Yugoslavia) after HDZ won the elections. His cabinet is, despite holding office before Croatia's independence, considered by the Government of Croatia to have been the first government cabinet of the current Croatian republic. He later resigned from his post and was appointed to serve as the Socialist Republic of Croatia's membership of the Yugoslav federal presidency where he served first as vice president and then in 1991 as the last President of Yugoslavia before Yugoslavia dissolved.
Following the breakup of Yugoslavia and Croatia's independence, Mesić served as Speaker of the Croatian Parliament from 1992 to 1994, when he left HDZ. With several other members of parliament, he formed a new party called Croatian Independent Democrats (HND). In 1997 the majority of HND members, including Mesić, merged into the Croatian People's Party (HNS).[citation needed]
After Franjo Tuđman died in December 1999, Mesić won the elections to become the next president of Croatia in February 2000. He was the last Croatian president to serve under a strong semi-presidential system, which foresaw the president as the most powerful official in the government structure and allowed him to appoint and dismiss the Prime Minister and his cabinet. This system was abolished in favor of an incomplete parliamentary system, which retained the direct election of the president but greatly reduced his powers in favor of strengthening the office of Prime Minister. He was reelected in January 2005 for a second five-year term. Mesić always topped the polls for the most popular politician in Croatia during his two terms.[4][5][6][7]