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Type of transmission From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
6HP is ZF Friedrichshafen AG's trademark name for its six-speed automatic transmission models (6-speed transmission with Hydraulic converter and Planetary gearsets) for longitudinal engine applications, designed and built by ZF's subsidiary in Saarbrücken. Released as the 6HP 26 in 2000, it was the first six-speed automatic transmission in a production passenger car. Other variations of the first generation 6HP in addition to the 6HP 26, were 6HP19, and 6HP 32 having lower and higher torque capacity, respectively. In 2007, the second generation of the 6HP series was introduced, with models 6HP 21 and 6HP 28. A 6HP 34 was planned, but never went into production.
6HP | |
---|---|
Overview | |
Manufacturer | ZF Friedrichshafen |
Production | 2000–2014 |
Model years | 2000–2014 |
Body and chassis | |
Class | 6-Speed Longitudinal Automatic Transmission |
Related | Ford 6R GM 6L Aisin AWTF-80 SC |
Chronology | |
Predecessor | ZF 5HP Transmission |
Successor | ZF 8HP Transmission |
The last 6HP automatic transmission was produced by the Saarbrücken plant in March 2014 after 7,050,232 units were produced.[1][2] The ZF plant in Shanghai continued to produce the 6HP for the Chinese market.[1]
The 6HP is the first transmission designed according to ZF's new paradigm. After gaining additional gear ratios only with additional components, this time the number of components has to decrease while the number of ratios still increase. The 6HP uses a Lepelletier epicyclic/planetary gearset, which can provide more gear ratios with significantly fewer components. This means the 6HP 26 is actually lighter than its five-speed 5HP predecessors. Coming from 5 gear ratios made of 10 main components[lower-alpha 1] to the 6 made of 8 now reflects, what major progress the Lepelletier gear mechanism means compared to conventional designs like the 5HP-family.
A conventional planetary gearset and a compound Ravigneaux gearset is combined in a Lepelletier gear mechanism,[3] to reduce both the size and weight. It was first realized here. Like all transmissions realized with Lepelletier transmissions, the 6HP also dispenses with the use of the direct gear ratio, making it one of the very few automatic transmission concepts without such a ratio.
It also has the capability to achieve torque converter lock-up on all six forward gears, and disengage it completely when at a standstill, significantly closing the fuel efficiency gap between automatic and manual transmissions.
Gear Model |
R | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | Total Span |
Avg. Step |
Compo- nents |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000: 1st Generation | 3 Gearsets 2 Brakes 3 Clutches | |||||||||
ZF 6HP 26 ZF 6HP 19 ZF 6HP 32 |
−3.403 | 4.171 | 2.340 | 1.521 | 1.143 | 0.867 | 0.691 | 6.035 | 1.433 | |
2007: 2nd Generation | ||||||||||
ZF 6HP 28 ZF 6HP 29 ZF 6HP 34 |
−3.403 | 4.171 | 2.340 | 1.521 | 1.143 | 0.867 | 0.691 | 6.035 | 1.433 | |
Other Manufacturer | ||||||||||
Aisin AWTF-80 SC · 2005 | −3.394 | 4.148 | 2.370 | 1.556 | 1.155 | 0.859 | 0.686 | 6.049 | 1.433 | |
Ford 6R 60 · 6R 80 · 2005 | −3.403 | 4.171 | 2.340 | 1.521 | 1.143 | 0.867 | 0.691 | 6.035 | 1.433 | |
Ford 6R 140 · 2005 | −3.128 | 3.974 | 2.318 | 1.516 | 1.149 | 0.858 | 0.674 | 5.899 | 1.426 | |
GM 6L 45 · 6L 50 · 2006 | −3.200 | 4.065 | 2.371 | 1.551 | 1.157 | 0.853 | 0.674 | 6.035 | 1.433 | |
GM 6L 80 · 6L 90 · 2005 | −3.064 | 4.027 | 2.364 | 1.532 | 1.152 | 0.852 | 0.667 | 6.040 | 1.433 |
With Assessment[lower-alpha 1] | Planetary Gearset: Teeth[lower-alpha 2] Lepelletier Gear Mechanism |
Count | Total | Avg. | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Simple | Ravigneaux | ||||||
Manufacturer Model |
Version First Delivery |
S1[lower-alpha 3] R1[lower-alpha 4] |
S2[lower-alpha 5] R2[lower-alpha 6] |
S3[lower-alpha 7] R3[lower-alpha 8] |
Brakes Clutches |
Ratio Span |
Gear Step[lower-alpha 9] |
Gear Ratio |
R |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
Step | [lower-alpha 10] | [lower-alpha 11] | |||||
Step 2[lower-alpha 12] | |||||||
Shaft Speed |
|||||||
Δ Shaft Speed |
|||||||
2000: 1st Generation | |||||||
ZF 6HP 26[lower-alpha 13] ZF 6HP 19[lower-alpha 14] ZF 6HP 32[lower-alpha 15] |
600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft) 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft)[lower-alpha 16] 750 N⋅m (553 lb⋅ft)[4] |
37 71 |
31 38 |
38 85 |
2 3 |
6.0354 | 1.4327[lower-alpha 9] |
Gear Ratio |
−3.4025[lower-alpha 10] |
4.1708 |
2.3397[lower-alpha 11] |
1.5211 |
1.1428[lower-alpha 17][lower-alpha 18] |
0.8672 |
0.6911 |
Step | 0.8158[lower-alpha 10] | 1.0000 | 1.7826[lower-alpha 11] | 1.5382 | 1.3311 | 1.3178 | 1.2549 |
Step 2[lower-alpha 12] | 1.1589 | 1.1559 | 1.0101[lower-alpha 17] | 1.0502 | |||
Speed | –1.2258 | 1.0000 | 1.7826 | 2.7419 | 3.6497 | 4.8096 | 6.0354 |
Δ Speed | 1.2258 | 1.0000 | 0.7826 | 0.9593 | 0.9078[lower-alpha 18] | 1.1599 | 1.2258 |
2007: 2nd Generation | |||||||
ZF 6HP 28[lower-alpha 19] ZF 6HP 21[lower-alpha 20] ZF 6HP 34[lower-alpha 21] |
600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft) 450 N⋅m (332 lb⋅ft)[lower-alpha 22] 750 N⋅m (553 lb⋅ft)[lower-alpha 23] |
37 71 |
31 38 |
38 85 |
2 3 |
6.0354 | 1.4327[lower-alpha 9] |
Ratio | −3.4025[lower-alpha 10] | 4.1708 | 2.3397[lower-alpha 11] | 1.5211 | 1.1428[lower-alpha 17][lower-alpha 18] | 0.8672 | 0.6911 |
Other Manufacturer | |||||||
Aisin AWTF-80 SC |
450 N⋅m (332 lb⋅ft)[6] 2005 |
50 90 |
36 44 |
44 96 |
2 3 |
6.0494 | 1.4333[lower-alpha 9] |
Gear Ratio |
−3.3939[lower-alpha 10] |
4.1481 |
2.3704[lower-alpha 11] |
1.5556 |
1.1546[lower-alpha 17] |
0.8593 |
0.6857[lower-alpha 18] |
Step | 0.8182[lower-alpha 10] | 1.0000 | 1.7500[lower-alpha 11] | 1.5238 | 1.3472 | 1.3436 | 1.2532 |
Step 2[lower-alpha 12] | 1.1484 | 1.1311 | 1.0027[lower-alpha 17] | 1.0722 | |||
Speed | –1.2222 | 1.0000 | 1.7500 | 2.6667 | 3.5926 | 4.8272 | 6.0494 |
Δ Speed | 1.2222 | 1.0000 | 0.7500 | 0.9167 | 0.9259 | 1.2346 | 1.2222[lower-alpha 18] |
Ford 6R 60 · 6R 80 |
600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft) · 2005 800 N⋅m (590 lb⋅ft) · 2005 |
37 71 |
31 38 |
38 85 |
2 3 |
6.0354 | 1.4327[lower-alpha 9] |
Ratio | −3.4025[lower-alpha 10] | 4.1708 | 2.3397[lower-alpha 11] | 1.5211 | 1.1428[lower-alpha 17][lower-alpha 18] | 0.8672 | 0.6911 |
Ford 6R 140 |
1,400 N⋅m (1,033 lb⋅ft) 2005 |
49 95 |
37 47 |
47 97 |
2 3 |
5.8993 | 1.4261[lower-alpha 9] |
Gear Ratio |
−3.1283[lower-alpha 10] |
3.9738 |
2.3181[lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 17] |
1.5158 |
1.1492[lower-alpha 17][lower-alpha 18] |
0.8585 |
0.6736 |
Step | 0.7872[lower-alpha 10] | 1.0000 | 1.7143[lower-alpha 11] | 1.5293 | 1.3190 | 1.3389 | 1.2744 |
Step 2[lower-alpha 12] | 1.1210[lower-alpha 17] | 1.1594 | 0.9854[lower-alpha 17] | 1.0504 | |||
Speed | –1.2703 | 1.0000 | 1.7143 | 2.6216 | 3.4580 | 4.6290 | 5.8993 |
Δ Speed | 1.2703 | 1.0000 | 0.7143 | 0.9073 | 0.8364[lower-alpha 18] | 1.1710 | 1.2703 |
GM 6L 45 · 6L 50 |
500 N⋅m (369 lb⋅ft) · 2006 | 49 89 |
37 47 |
47 97 |
2 3 |
6.0346 | 1.4326[lower-alpha 9] |
Gear Ratio |
−3.2001[lower-alpha 10] |
4.0650 |
2.3712[lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 17] |
1.5506 |
1.1567[lower-alpha 17][lower-alpha 18] |
0.8532 |
0.6736 |
Step | 0.7872[lower-alpha 10] | 1.0000 | 1.7143[lower-alpha 11] | 1.5293 | 1.3406 | 1.3557 | 1.2662 |
Step 2[lower-alpha 12] | 1.1210[lower-alpha 17] | 1.1408 | 0.9889[lower-alpha 17] | 1.0703 | |||
Speed | –1.2703 | 1.0000 | 1.7143 | 2.6216 | 3.5144 | 4.7643 | 6.0346 |
Δ Speed | 1.2703 | 1.0000 | 0.7143 | 0.9073 | 0.8928[lower-alpha 18] | 1.2499 | 1.2703 |
GM 6L 80 · 6L 90 |
800 N⋅m (590 lb⋅ft) · 2005 | 50 94 |
35 46 |
46 92 |
2 3 |
6.0401 | 1.4329[lower-alpha 9] |
Gear Ratio |
−3.0638[lower-alpha 10] |
4.0267 |
2.3635[lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 17] |
1.5319 |
1.1522[lower-alpha 17][lower-alpha 18] |
0.8521 |
0.6667 |
Step | 0.7609[lower-alpha 10] | 1.0000 | 1.7037[lower-alpha 11] | 1.5429 | 1.3296 | 1.3522 | 1.2781 |
Step 2[lower-alpha 12] | 1.1043[lower-alpha 17] | 1.1604 | 0.9832[lower-alpha 17] | 1.0580 | |||
Speed | –1.3143 | 1.0000 | 1.7037 | 2.6286 | 3.4948 | 4.7258 | 6.0401 |
Δ Speed | 1.3143 | 1.0000 | 0.7037 | 0.9249 | 0.8662[lower-alpha 18] | 1.2310 | 1.3143 |
Ratio R & Even |
|||||||
Ratio Odd |
|||||||
Algebra And Actuated Shift Elements | |||||||
Brake A[lower-alpha 24] | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | |||
Brake B[lower-alpha 25] | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ||||
Clutch C[lower-alpha 26] | ❶ | ❶ | |||||
Clutch D[lower-alpha 27] | ❶ | ❶ | |||||
Clutch E[lower-alpha 28] | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ||||
ZF 5HP 18[lower-alpha 29] |
310 N⋅m (229 lb⋅ft) · 1990 | 32 76 |
38[lower-alpha 30] 34 |
34 98 |
3 4 |
4.9363 | 1.4906[lower-alpha 9] |
Gear Ratio |
−4.0960[lower-alpha 10] |
3.6648 |
1.9990[lower-alpha 11] |
1.4067[lower-alpha 9][lower-alpha 17][lower-alpha 18] |
1.0000 |
0.7424 |
|
Step | 1.1176[lower-alpha 10] | 1.0000 | 1.8333[lower-alpha 11] | 1.4211[lower-alpha 9] | 1.4067 | 1.3469 | |
Step 2[lower-alpha 12] | 1.2901 | 1.0102[lower-alpha 17] | 1.0444 | ||||
Speed | –0.8947 | 1.0000 | 1.8333 | 2.6053 | 3.6648 | 4.9363 | |
Δ Speed | 0.8947 | 1.0000 | 0.8333 | 0.7719[lower-alpha 18] | 1.0596 | 1.2715 | |
| |||||||
Problems with this transmission are well known.[citation needed] This transmission locks up the torque converter in all gears, increasing wear. Combined with a sealed transmission pan and "lifetime fluid", some people have experienced catastrophic transmission failure. Owners report shift issues when oil begins breaking down beyond 50K miles, hence shifting issues are common.[citation needed]
There are also problems with the valve block and solenoids[citation needed] When this failure starts to occur, shift quality and speed, torque transfer and even loss of ability to engage gears can occur. These problems led Volkswagen Group to extend the warranty on all of their vehicles equipped with this transmission to 100,000 miles or 10 years.[citation needed]
The 6HP 19A is a variation of the 6HP 19 for Four-wheel drive applications (Allrad, all wheel).It was used by the Volkswagen Group for some permanent four-wheel drive models.
The 6HP 26 was the initial version and first used by the BMW 7 Series (E65) in 2001. Initially only used by premium brands, it was later available on the 2009 model year V8 Hyundai Genesis.
Several versions of the 6HP 26 are available depending on application and brand: 6HP 26, 6HP 26A and 6HP 26X.
Ford has developed their own versions (Ford 6R 60 and Ford 6R 80) based on the 6HP 26. Therefore, certain Ford vehicles will not be listed.
The 6HP 26A is a variation of the 6HP 26 for Four-wheel drive applications (Allrad, all wheel). It was used by the Volkswagen Group for some permanent four-wheel drive models and packages a TORSEN type center differential, and open front differential into the transmission assembly.
The 6HP 26X and 6HP 26Z is another variation of the 6HP 26, also for Four-wheel drive applications. This transmission is suitable for 4WDs with a separate transfer box (the "X" stands for external 4WD).
The 6HP 32A is a variation of the 6HP 32 for Four-wheel drive applications (Allrad, all wheel).
The 6HP 34 was planned for high-output applications. As the successor 8HP was about to be launched and innovations are typically introduced first in the premium segment, the 6HP 34 never went into production.[5]
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