1,1-Dichloroethane

1,1-Dichloroethane is a chlorinated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless oily liquid with a chloroform-like odor. It is not easily soluble in water, but miscible with most organic solvents.

1,1-Dichloroethane

1,1-Dichloroethane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name 1,1-Dichloroethane
Other names Ethylidene dichloride Ethylidene chloride Ethidene dichloride CFC-150a 1,1-DCA Asymmetrical dichloroethane 1,1-Ethylidene dichloride Asymmetric dichloroethane
Identifiers
CAS Number	75-34-3 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEMBL	ChEMBL45079 Y
ChemSpider	6125 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.785
KEGG	C18247 Y
PubChem CID	6365
UNII	0S989LNA44 Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1020437
InChI InChI=1S/C2H4Cl2/c1-2(3)4/h2H,1H3 Y Key: SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C2H4Cl2/c1-2(3)4/h2H,1H3 Key: SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYAY
SMILES ClC(Cl)C
Properties
Chemical formula	C2H4Cl2
Molar mass	98.96 g/mol
Appearance	colorless, oily liquid[1]
Odor	chloroform-like[1]
Density	1.2 g/cm3
Melting point	−97 °C (−143 °F; 176 K)
Boiling point	57.2 °C (135.0 °F; 330.3 K)
Solubility in water	0.6%[1]
Vapor pressure	182 mmHg (20°C)[1]
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−57.4·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
Flash point	−17 °C; 2 °F; 256 K[1]
Explosive limits	5.4–11.4%[1]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 100 ppm (400 mg/m3)[1]
REL (Recommended)	TWA 100 ppm (400 mg/m3)[1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	3000 ppm[1]
Related compounds
Related compounds	1,2-Dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride); *1,1-Dichloroethene
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references

Large volumes of 1,1-dichloroethane are manufactured, with annual production exceeding 1 million pounds in the United States. It is mainly used as a feedstock in chemical synthesis, chiefly of 1,1,1-trichloroethane. It is also used as a solvent for plastics, oils and fats, as a degreaser, as a fumigant in insecticide sprays, in halon fire extinguishers, and in cementing of rubber. It is used in manufacturing of high-vacuum resistant rubber and for extraction of temperature-sensitive substances. Thermal cracking at 400–500 °C and 10 MPa yields vinyl chloride. In the past, 1,1-dichloroethane was used as a surgical inhalational anesthetic.

Safety

1,1-dichloroethane has been on the California Proposition 65 list of known carcinogens since 1990.^[2]

In the atmosphere, 1,1-dichloroethane decomposes with half-life of 62 days, chiefly by reaction of photolytically produced hydroxyl radicals.

See also

• Dichloromethane
• Dichloroethene
• 1,2-Dichloroethane