1086

Year 1086 (MLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

1086 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1086 MLXXXVI
Ab urbe condita	1839
Armenian calendar	535 ԹՎ ՇԼԵ
Assyrian calendar	5836
Balinese saka calendar	1007–1008
Bengali calendar	492–493
Berber calendar	2036
English Regnal year	20 Will. 1 – 21 Will. 1
Buddhist calendar	1630
Burmese calendar	448
Byzantine calendar	6594–6595
Chinese calendar	乙丑年 (Wood Ox) 3783 or 3576     — to — 丙寅年 (Fire Tiger) 3784 or 3577
Coptic calendar	802–803
Discordian calendar	2252
Ethiopian calendar	1078–1079
Hebrew calendar	4846–4847
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1142–1143
- Shaka Samvat	1007–1008
- Kali Yuga	4186–4187
Holocene calendar	11086
Igbo calendar	86–87
Iranian calendar	464–465
Islamic calendar	478–479
Japanese calendar	Ōtoku 3 (応徳３年)
Javanese calendar	990–991
Julian calendar	1086 MLXXXVI
Korean calendar	3419
Minguo calendar	826 before ROC 民前826年
Nanakshahi calendar	−382
Seleucid era	1397/1398 AG
Thai solar calendar	1628–1629
Tibetan calendar	ཤིང་མོ་གླང་ལོ་ (female Wood-Ox) 1212 or 831 or 59     — to — མེ་ཕོ་སྟག་ལོ་ (male Fire-Tiger) 1213 or 832 or 60

Pope Victor III (c. 1026–1087)

Events

By place

Europe

• October 23 – Battle of Sagrajas: Spanish forces under King Alfonso VI ("the Brave") of Castile are defeated by the Moors and their allies, the Almoravids, who have been invited to help on orders by Emir Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad.
• Siege of Syracuse (1086) – Norman forces under Count Roger I ("Bosso") conquer Syracuse, the last Muslim stronghold in Sicily.^[1]

England

• August 1 – King William the Conqueror calls for a meeting at Old Sarum, where he invites his major vassals and tenants-in-chief to swear allegiance to him. This is known as the Oath of Salisbury.
• The Domesday Book is completed. Drawn up on the orders of William I; it describes in detail the landholdings and resources in England.
• The population in England is estimated to be 1.25 million citizens with 10% living in boroughs.^[2]

Seljuk Empire

• Summer – Suleiman ibn Qutulmish, ruler of the Turks in Rum, is killed by Emir Tutush I in the battle of Ain Salm near Antioch. Suleiman's 7-year-old son Kilij Arslan I is captured and transferred as hostage to Isfahan (modern Iran).^[3]
• Sultan Malik-Shah I rebuilds the Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf (modern Iraq), after it was destroyed by fire.

By topic

Religion

• May 24 – Pope Victor III succeeds Gregory VII as the 158th pope of the Catholic Church, though he does not accept election until 1087.

Births

• April 24 – Ramiro II ("the Monk"), king of Aragon (d. 1157)
• August 11 – Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1125)^[4]
• August 20 – Bolesław III Wrymouth, duke of Poland (d. 1138)
• al-Shahrastani, Persian scholar and historian (d. 1153)
• Þorlákur Runólfsson, Icelandic bishop (d. 1133)
• Vicelinus, bishop of Oldenburg in Holstein (d. 1154)
• Zhang Jun, Chinese general and official (d. 1154)

Deaths

• March 15 – Richilde, countess and regent of Flanders
• March 18 – Anselm of Lucca, Italian bishop (b. 1036)
• May 21 – Wang Anshi, Chinese chancellor (b. 1021)
• July 10 – Canute IV ("the Holy"), king of Denmark
• July 14 – Toirdelbach Ua Briain, Irish king (b. 1009)
• July 17 – García Ramírez, Aragonese bishop
• August 8 – Conrad I, count of Luxembourg (b. 1040)
• September 25 – William VIII, duke of Aquitaine
• October 11 – Sima Guang, Chinese politician (b. 1019)
• October 23 – Rodrigo Muñoz, Galician nobleman
• December 25 – Judith of Bohemia, duchess of Poland
• Gregory Pakourianos, Byzantine politician and general, killed in battle
• Huizong, Chinese emperor (Western Xia) (b. 1060)
• Mael Ísu Ua Brolcháin, Irish monk and writer
• Muhammad ibn Ammar, Moorish poet (b. 1031)
• Odo I of Furneaux (or 'Eudes'), French nobleman (b. 1040)
• Suleiman ibn Qutulmish, ruler of the Sultanate of Rum, killed in battle