12N360

The 12N360 (Russian: 12Н360; other designations are A-85-3A or 2V-12-3A) diesel engine is a Russian four-stroke diesel engine produced by the Chelyabinsk Engine Plant. The water-cooled twelve-cylinder X-engine with direct injection was developed to power the Armata Universal Combat Platform, on which the T-14 tank, among others, is based.

The 12N360

Development

Development of the 12N360 began as early as the 1970s. In 1977 a first prototype with an output of 1200 hp and the designation 12ChN was running. At the time, the Soviet leadership favored the gas turbine and the two-stroke 5TDF opposed-piston engine for tank propulsion, and no funds were made available for further development of the 12ChN.^[1] Also, the later development of the V-2 series into the V-93 with 1120 hp showed that this V12 engine still had potential.

Design

The 12N360 is a turbocharged, horizontal X engine with 12 cylinders. The X design makes it much more compact than its predecessor, the V-93^[2] (Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant), and similar in size to the 5TDF^[3] and 6TDF two-stroke opposed-piston engines (Malyshev Factory).^[4]

Technical data

Number of cylinders	12
Displacement	34,593 cc (2,111.0 cu in; 34.593 L)[5]
Max. Torque	3,840 N⋅m (2,830 lb⋅ft)
Length	813 mm (32.0 in)[5]
Width	1,300 mm (51 in)[5]
Height	820 mm (32 in)[5]
Mass	1,550 kg (3,420 lb)[5]
Rated power	1,500 hp (1,500 PS; 1,100 kW)[5]
Rated speed	2000 min-1
Specific fuel consumption	217.9 g / kWh