1381

Year 1381 (MCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

1381 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1381 MCCCLXXXI
Ab urbe condita	2134
Armenian calendar	830 ԹՎ ՊԼ
Assyrian calendar	6131
Balinese saka calendar	1302–1303
Bengali calendar	787–788
Berber calendar	2331
English Regnal year	4 Ric. 2 – 5 Ric. 2
Buddhist calendar	1925
Burmese calendar	743
Byzantine calendar	6889–6890
Chinese calendar	庚申年 (Metal Monkey) 4078 or 3871     — to — 辛酉年 (Metal Rooster) 4079 or 3872
Coptic calendar	1097–1098
Discordian calendar	2547
Ethiopian calendar	1373–1374
Hebrew calendar	5141–5142
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1437–1438
- Shaka Samvat	1302–1303
- Kali Yuga	4481–4482
Holocene calendar	11381
Igbo calendar	381–382
Iranian calendar	759–760
Islamic calendar	782–783
Japanese calendar	Kōryaku 3 / Eitoku 1 (永徳元年)
Javanese calendar	1294–1295
Julian calendar	1381 MCCCLXXXI
Korean calendar	3714
Minguo calendar	531 before ROC 民前531年
Nanakshahi calendar	−87
Thai solar calendar	1923–1924
Tibetan calendar	ལྕགས་ཕོ་སྤྲེ་ལོ་ (male Iron-Monkey) 1507 or 1126 or 354     — to — ལྕགས་མོ་བྱ་ལོ་ (female Iron-Bird) 1508 or 1127 or 355

Events

January–December

• March 14 – Chioggia concludes an alliance with Zadar and Trogir against Venice, which becomes changed in 1412 in Šibenik.
• June 12 – Peasants' Revolt: In England, rebels from Kent and Essex, led by Wat Tyler and Jack Straw, meet at Blackheath. There the rebels are encouraged by a sermon, by renegade priest John Ball.
• June 14 – Peasants' Revolt: Rebels destroy John of Gaunt's Savoy Palace in London and storm the Tower of London, beheading Simon Sudbury, who is both Archbishop of Canterbury and Lord Chancellor, and also Robert Hales, Lord High Treasurer. King Richard II of England (age 14) meets the leaders of the revolt and agrees to reforms such as fair rents and the abolition of serfdom.
• June 15 – Peasants' Revolt: During further negotiations, Wat Tyler is murdered by the King's entourage. Noble forces subsequently overpower the rebel army. The rebel leaders are eventually captured and executed and Richard II revokes his concessions. The revolt is discussed in John Gower's Vox Clamantis and Froissart's Chronicles.
• August – Kęstutis overthrows his nephew, Jogaila, as Grand Duke of Lithuania. Jogaila is allowed to remain as governor of eastern Lithuania. This marks the beginning of the Lithuanian Civil War (1381–84).

Date not known

• Due to Joanna I of Naples' support for Antipope Clement VII, Pope Urban VI bestows Naples upon Charles of Durazzo. With the help of the Hungarians, Charles advances on Naples and captures Joanna. James of Baux, the ruler of Taranto and the Latin Empire, claims the Principality of Achaea after Joanna's imprisonment.
• After a naval battle, Venice wins the three-year War of Chioggia against Genoa. The Genoans are permanently weakened by the conflict.
• Hajji I succeeds Alah-ad-Din Ali as Mamluk Sultan of Egypt. The Egyptian government continues to be controlled by rebel leader Barquq.
• Timur conquers east Persia, ending the rule of the Sarbadar dynasty.
• Sonam Drakpa deposes Drakpa Changchub as ruler of Tibet.
• The Ming dynasty of China annexes the areas of the old Kingdom of Dali, in modern-day Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, inhabited by the Miao and Yao peoples. Hundreds of thousands of Chinese (including military colonists) will migrate there from the rest of China.
• In Ming dynasty China, the lijia census registration system begun in 1371 is now universally imposed, during the reign of the Hongwu Emperor. The census counts 59,873,305 people living in China in this year. This depicts a drastic drop in population since the Song dynasty, which counted 100 million people at its height in the early 12th century. A modern historian states that the Ming census is inaccurate, as China at around this time has at least 65,000,000 inhabitants, if not 75,000,000.^[1]

Births

• January 13 – Colette of Corbie, French abbess and saint in the Catholic Church (d. 1447)^[2]
• October 13 – Thomas FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel, English politician (d. 1415)
• date unknown
  • Anna of Celje, Queen consort of Poland (d. 1416)
  • Johann Schiltberger, German traveller and writer (d. 1440)
  • John I, Duke of Bourbon (d. 1434)
  • Saint Rita of Cascia (d. 1457)
  • Itzcóatl, fourth Tlatoani for the Mexica Empire (d. 1440)

Deaths

• March 24 – Catherine of Vadstena, Swedish saint (b. 1331 or 1332)^[3]
• May 15 – Eppelein von Gailingen, German robber baron
• June 14 – Simon Sudbury, Archbishop of Canterbury (murdered)
• June 15
  • John Cavendish, Lord Chief Justice of England (murdered)
  • Wat Tyler, English rebel (murdered)
• July 15 – John Ball, renegade priest (executed)
• December 2 – John of Ruysbroeck, Flemish mystic
• December 27 – Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March, English politician