1441

1441 (MCDXLI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar, the 1441st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 441st year of the 2nd millennium, the 41st year of the 15th century, and the 2nd year of the 1440s decade. As of the start of 1441, the Gregorian calendar was 9 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.

This article is about the year 1441. For the Security Council Resolution, see United Nations Security Council Resolution 1441.

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	14th century 15th century 16th century
Decades:	1420s 1430s 1440s 1450s 1460s
Years:	1438 1439 1440 1441 1442 1443 1444

1441 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1441 MCDXLI
Ab urbe condita	2194
Armenian calendar	890 ԹՎ ՊՂ
Assyrian calendar	6191
Balinese saka calendar	1362–1363
Bengali calendar	848
Berber calendar	2391
English Regnal year	19 Hen. 6 – 20 Hen. 6
Buddhist calendar	1985
Burmese calendar	803
Byzantine calendar	6949–6950
Chinese calendar	庚申年 (Metal Monkey) 4138 or 3931     — to — 辛酉年 (Metal Rooster) 4139 or 3932
Coptic calendar	1157–1158
Discordian calendar	2607
Ethiopian calendar	1433–1434
Hebrew calendar	5201–5202
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1497–1498
- Shaka Samvat	1362–1363
- Kali Yuga	4541–4542
Holocene calendar	11441
Igbo calendar	441–442
Iranian calendar	819–820
Islamic calendar	844–845
Japanese calendar	Eikyō 13 / Kakitsu 1 (嘉吉元年)
Javanese calendar	1356–1357
Julian calendar	1441 MCDXLI
Korean calendar	3774
Minguo calendar	471 before ROC 民前471年
Nanakshahi calendar	−27
Thai solar calendar	1983–1984
Tibetan calendar	阳金猴年 (male Iron-Monkey) 1567 or 1186 or 414     — to — 阴金鸡年 (female Iron-Rooster) 1568 or 1187 or 415

Events

January–December

• February – The Republic of Venice annexes the seigniory of Ravenna, ending the da Polenta Dynasty.
• February 12 – King's College, Cambridge, is founded by King Henry VI of England.^[1]
• March 1 – Battle of Samobor: The army of Ulrich II, Count of Celje, defeats the army of Stjepan Banić at Samobor, Croatia in union with Hungary.
• September – The Dutch–Hanseatic War concludes with the Treaty of Copenhagen.^[2]
• November 10 – Alfonso V of Aragon lays siege to Naples.
• November 20 – The Peace of Cremona (1441) ends the war between the Republic of Venice and the Duchy of Milan.^[3]

Date unknown

• Ouagadougou becomes the capital of the Mossi Kingdoms.
• Two subjects of the Ethiopian Empire attend a Christian ecclesiastical council at Florence as part of negotiations concerning a possible union of Coptic Orthodoxy and the Latin Church. This is the earliest recorded contact of the Ethiopian branch of the Coptic Church with Europe.
• A revolt occurs in the Mayan nation of Mayapan; the Maya civilization splits into warring city-states.
• With the help of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, governor Hacı I Giray declares his province independent of the Golden Horde and establishes the Crimean Khanate.
• Nuno Tristão reaches the Ras Nouadhibou (Cabo Branco) on the western coast of Africa. This is probably the first voyage where a caravel is used for maritime exploration.
• The first enslaved black Africans are brought to Europe at Lagos in the Kingdom of Portugal.

Births

• February 9 – Ali-Shir Nava'i, Central Asian poet, politician and writer (d. 1501)
• March 24 – Ernest, Elector of Saxony, German ruler of Saxony (d. 1486)
• June 25 – Federico I Gonzaga, Marquess of Mantua (1478–1484) (d. 1484)
• June 27 – John III, Count of Nassau-Weilburg, German nobleman (d. 1480)
• July 23 – Danjong of Joseon, King of Joseon (d. 1457)
• November 11 – Charlotte of Savoy, French queen (d. 1483)

Deaths

• March 8 – Margaret of Burgundy, Duchess of Bavaria
• April 1 – Blanche I of Navarre, Queen of Navarre (1425–1441) and Regent of Sicily (1404–1405 and 1408–1415)
• June 14 – Corrado IV Trinci, former lord of Foligno
• July 9 – Jan van Eyck, Dutch painter^[4]
• July 12 – Kyōgoku Takakazu, Japanese noble and vassal of Ashikaga Yoshinori
• July 12 – Ashikaga Yoshinori, Japanese shōgun (b. 1394)
• September 25 – Akamatsu Mitsusuke, Japanese samurai
• October 24 – Adolf, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1434)
• October 27 – Margery Jourdemayne, Englishwoman executed for treasonable witchcraft
• November 18 – Roger Bolingbroke, English cleric, astronomer, astrologer, magister and alleged necromancer^[5]
• December 26 – Niccolò III d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara (b. 1383)

References

1. 'The colleges and halls: King's', in A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume 3, the City and University of Cambridge, ed. J P C Roach (London, 1959), pp. 376-408. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/cambs/vol3/pp376-408 [accessed 5 February 2021]
2. Vaughan, Richard (2004). Philip the Good (reprinted new ed.). Boydell Press. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-85115-917-1.
3. Hazlitt, W. Carew (1900). The Venetian Republic: Its Rise, its Growth, and its Fall, 421–1797. Volume II, 1423–1797. London: Adam and Charles Black. pp. 79–80.
4. Jan van Eyck; Peter Russell (August 6, 2020). Delphi Complete Works of Jan van Eyck (Illustrated). Delphi Classics. p. 464. ISBN 978-1-913487-28-7.
5. Jane Kelsall (2000). Humphrey Duke of Gloucester, 1391-1447. Fraternity of the Friends of Saint Albans Abbey. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-9506829-6-9.