1493 Sigrid

1493 Sigrid, provisional designation 1938 QB, is a dark Nysian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 24 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 26 August 1938, by Belgian astronomer Eugène Delporte at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle.^[19] It was named after Sigrid Strömgren, wife of astronomer Bengt Strömgren.^[2]

1493 Sigrid

Shape of Sigrid modelled from its lightcurve
Discovery[1]
Discovered by	E. Delporte
Discovery site	Uccle Obs.
Discovery date	26 August 1938
Designations
MPC designation	(1493) Sigrid
Named after	Sigrid Strömgren[2] (wife of astronomer) Bengt Strömgren
Alternative designations	1938 QB · 1934 NB1 1934 PW · 1957 UT 1961 TM1 · 1961 XL 1977 UN · A908 WA A916 YD
Minor planet category	main-belt · (inner) Nysa[3][4]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc	108.52 yr (39,636 days)
Aphelion	2.9175 AU
Perihelion	1.9416 AU
Semi-major axis	2.4295 AU
Eccentricity	0.2009
Orbital period (sidereal)	3.79 yr (1,383 days)
Mean anomaly	318.09°
Mean motion	0° 15m 37.08s / day
Inclination	2.5772°
Longitude of ascending node	330.58°
Argument of perihelion	1.6890°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions	22.111±0.200 km[5] 22.93±6.77 km[6] 23±2 km[7] 23.76±3.46 km[8] 24.03±2.1 km[3][9] 24.92±8.61 km[10] 25.10±0.42 km[11] 27.8±5.6 km[12] 28.905±0.401 km[13]
Synodic rotation period	22.68±0.02 h[14] 43.179±0.005 h[15] 43.1795±0.0001 h[16] 43.296±0.048 h[17]
Geometric albedo	0.034±0.007[13] 0.036±0.067[10] 0.0398±0.0028[5] 0.04±0.02[6][12] 0.04±0.03[8] 0.048±0.002[11] 0.0489±0.010[9] 0.05±0.01[7]
Spectral type	Tholen = F[1][3] SMASS = Xc[1] · P[5] B–V = 0.643[1] U–B = 0.225[1]
Absolute magnitude (H)	11.99[1][3][5][6][7][9][11][12] · 12.24[8][10] · 12.35±0.23[18]

Orbit and classification

Sigrid is a member of the Nysa family (405),^[4] the largest asteroid family of the main belt, consisting of stony and carbonaceous subfamilies. The family, named after 44 Nysa, is located in the inner belt near the Kirkwood gap (3:1 orbital resonance with Jupiter), a depleted zone that separates the central main belt.^[20]: 23

It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.9–2.9 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,383 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.20 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic.^[1] The asteroid was first identified as A908 WA at Heidelberg Observatory in November 1908. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Uccle in August 1938.^[19]

Physical characteristics

Spectral type

In the Tholen classification, Sigrid is an F-type asteroid (which agrees with the overall spectral type of the Polanian subgroup).^[1][3] In the SMASS classification, it is a Xc-subtype, which transitions between the X- and C-type asteroids.^[1] It has also been characterized as a primitive P-type asteroid by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE).^[5]

Photometry

Rotation period an amplitude

In August 2006, a rotational lightcurve of Sigrid was obtained from photometric observations at the Mount Tarana and Cecil Observatory in NSW, Australia. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 43.296 hours with a brightness variation of 0.6 magnitude (U=2).^[17] In October 2010, Raymond Poncy found a period of 22.68 hours (or half the previous period solution) and an amplitude of 0.38 magnitude (U=2-).^[14] While not being a slow rotator, the body's period is significantly longer than the typical 2 to 20 hours seen among the majority of asteroids.

Spin axis

The asteroids lightcurve has also been modeled, using photometric data from the Lowell Photometric Database (LPD) and other sources. Modelling gave a concurring period of 43.179 and 43.1795 hours,^[15][16] as well as two spin axis of (183.0°, 69°) and (350.0°, 69°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).^[16]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Sigrid measures between 22.111 and 28.905 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a low albedo between 0.034 and 0.05.^{[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]}

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is an albedo of 0.0489 and a diameter of 24.03 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.99.^[3]

Naming

This minor planet was named after Sigrid Strömgren, wife of the Danish-American astronomer Bengt Strömgren, after whom the asteroid 1846 Bengt was named. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 134; RI 2297).^[2]