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1974 in spaceflight
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On 29 March 1974 Mariner 10 became the first spacecraft to fly by Mercury, that saw a spacecraft for the first and last time in the 20th century.
![]() | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (August 2024) |
![]() | This timeline of spaceflight may require cleanup to ensure consistency with other timeline of spaceflight articles. See Wikipedia:WikiProject Spaceflight/Timeline of spaceflight working group for guidelines on how to improve the article. Details |
Quick Facts Orbital launches, First ...
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Orbital launches
More information Date and time (UTC), Rocket ...
Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
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Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
Remarks | |||||||
January | |||||||
17 January 10:07[1] |
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VKS | ||||
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MOM | LEO | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
19 January 01:39[2] |
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UK Ministry of Defence | ||||
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UK MOD | Intended: GEO Achieved: LEO | Comms | 25 January 1974 | Failure | ||
Placed in incorrect orbit due to carrier rocket malfunction | |||||||
24 January 15:00 |
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MOM | ||||
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MOM | LEO | Recon | 5 February 1974 | Success | ||
30 January 11:00 |
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MOM | ||||
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MOM | LEO | Aurora research | 13 February 1974 | Success | ||
February | |||||||
6 February 00:34 |
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VKS | ||||
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VKS | LEO | ELINT | 3 October 1980 | Successful | ||
11 February 13:48 |
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NASA | ||||
Boilerplate | NASA | Intended: GSO | Test carrier rocket | 12 February 1974 | Failure | ||
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NASA | Intended: GSO | Plasma research | 12 February 1974 | Failure | ||
Upper stage turbopump malfunction | |||||||
16 February 05:00 |
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ISAS | Highly elliptical orbit | Technology test | 22 January 1983 | Successful | ||
First flight of M-3C | |||||||
18 February | ![]() |
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CRS / NASA | Low Earth | Atmospheric | In orbit | Successful | ||
March | |||||||
April | |||||||
May | |||||||
June | |||||||
July | |||||||
3 July | ![]() |
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LEO, docked to Salyut 3 | Crewed orbital flight | 19 July 1974 | Successful | |||
12 July 13:55 |
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Intended: Low Earth | Unknown | 12 July | Failure | |||
Carrier rocket lost attitude control. | |||||||
16 July | ![]() |
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NASA | ||||
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NASA | ||||||
August | |||||||
28 August 10:08 |
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LEO Plan: Dock to Salyut 3 | Crewed orbital flight | 28 August 1974 | Failure | |||
Failed to dock with Salyut 3 | |||||||
September | |||||||
October | |||||||
15 October 07:47 |
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SERC / NASA | Low Earth | X-ray astronomy | 14 March 1980 | Successful | ||
November | |||||||
December | |||||||
2 December 15:00 |
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LEO | Crewed orbital flight | 8 December 1974 | Successful | |||
First successful crewed use of Soyuz-U launch vehicle | |||||||
10 December 07:11:01 |
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NASA / DFVLR | Heliocentric | Solar probe | In orbit | Successful | ||
Achieved a closest approach to the Sun of 46.5 million km (0.31 AU) in February 1975, the closest approach achieved by an artificial satellite at that point; it was succeeded later by Helios-B. |
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Suborbital launches
More information Date and time (UTC), Rocket ...
Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Payload | Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
Remarks | |||||||
January-March | |||||||
12 January 19:12[3] |
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NASA | ||||
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DFVLR | Sub-orbital | Astronomy | 12 Jan 1974 | Successful | ||
5 January 01:45[4] |
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NASA | ||||
NASA | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy/Ultraviolet astronomy | 5 January 1974 | Successful | |||
8 January 01:40[5] |
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NASA | ||||
NASA/NRL | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy/Ultraviolet astronomy | 8 January 1974 | Successful | |||
11 January 22:00[6] |
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RVSN | ||||
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RVSN | Sub-orbital | ICBM test | 12 January 1974 | Successful | ||
15 January 20:00[7] |
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NASA | ||||
NASA | Sub-orbital | Solar research | 15 January 1974 | Successful | |||
16 January 02:00[8] |
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ISAS | ||||
ISAS | Sub-orbital | Ionosphere & Solar research | 16 January 1974 | Successful | |||
16 January 17:40[5] |
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NASA | ||||
NASA | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy | 16 January 1974 | Successful | |||
16 January 18:13[9] |
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NASA | ||||
NASA | Sub-orbital | Ionosphere research | 16 January 1974 | Successful | |||
16 January[5] 01:40 |
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NASA | ||||
NASA | Sub-orbital | Solar research | 16 January 1974 | Successful | |||
17 January 02:37[5] |
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NASA | ||||
NASA/NRL | Sub-orbital | Plasma research | 17 January 1974 | Successful | |||
19 January 11:34 |
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RAE | ||||
RAE | Sub-orbital | Ionosphere research | 19 January 1974 | Success | |||
19 January | ![]() |
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RVSN | ||||
POR | RVSN | Sub-orbital | ICBM Test | 20 January 1974 | Success | ||
21 January 02:39 |
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NASA | ||||
NASA | Sub-orbital | Plasma research | 21 January 1974 | Success | |||
21 January 11:30 |
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RAE | ||||
RAE | Sub-orbital | Ionosphere research | 21 January 1974 | Success | |||
22 January 02:41 |
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NASA | ||||
NASA | Sub-orbital | Plasma research | 22 January 1974 | Success | |||
22 January 11:00 |
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ISAS | ||||
ISAS | Sub-orbital | X-ray astronomy | 22 January 1974 | Success | |||
22 January 01:40 |
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NASA | ||||
NASA/NRL | Sub-orbital | Solar research | 22 January 1974 | Successful | |||
22 January 01:40 |
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USAF | ||||
USAF | Sub-orbital | ICBM test | 22 January 1974 | Successful | |||
23 January 11:30 |
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RAE | ||||
RAE | Sub-orbital | Ionosphere research | 23 January 1974 | Success | |||
23 January 12:50 |
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NRC | ||||
NRC | Sub-orbital | Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Aurora research | 23 January 1974 | Success | |||
25 January 11:30 |
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RAE | ||||
RAE | Sub-orbital | Ionosphere research | 25 January 1974 | Success | |||
25 January | ![]() |
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RVSN | ||||
RVSN | Sub-orbital | ICBM test | 25 January 1974 | Success | |||
26 January | ![]() |
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USAF | ||||
GT-24GB-1 | USAF | Sub-orbital | ICBM test | 26 January 1974 | Success | ||
26 January | ![]() |
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RVSN | ||||
GT-24GB-1 | RVSN | Sub-orbital | ICBM test | 26 January 1974 | Success | ||
27 January 19:08 |
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NASA | ||||
Ferdinand 35 (Polar 3) | NDRE | Sub-orbital | Aurora research | 27 January 1974 | Success | ||
30 January | ![]() |
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DMA | ||||
DMA | Sub-orbital | Missile test | 30 January 1974 | Success | |||
1 February 06:30 |
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NASDA | ||||
NASDA | Sub-orbital | Test flight | 1 February 1974 | Successful | |||
4 February 14:40 |
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BAC | ||||
BAC | Sub-orbital | Astronomy | 4 February 1974 | Successful | |||
4 February | ![]() |
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RVSN | ||||
RVSN | Sub-orbital | ICBM test | 4 February 1974 | Successful | |||
6 February 22:48 |
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DLR | ||||
DLR | Sub-orbital | Aurora research (DLR A-BB4-63 Auroral mission) | 6 February 1974 | Successful | |||
6 February | ![]() |
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US Navy | ||||
US Navy | Sub-orbital | SLBM test | 6 February 1974 | Successful | |||
6 February | ![]() |
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US Navy | ||||
US Navy | Sub-orbital | SLBM test | 6 February 1974 | Successful | |||
9 February 02:10 |
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NASA | ||||
NASA | Sub-orbital | Astronomy | 9 February 1974 | Successful | |||
9 February 06:30 |
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NASDA | ||||
NASDA | Sub-orbital | Test flight | 9 February 1974 | Successful | |||
April-June | |||||||
July-September | |||||||
11 July 05:01[10] |
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Suborbital | Re-entry test for Spiral program | 11 July | Partial success | |||
Subscale model of the Spiral spaceplane.[11] After nominal flight, parachute system failed and the craft crashed. Apogee: 100 km | |||||||
October-December |
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Deep Space Rendezvous
More information Date (GMT), Spacecraft ...
Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
5 February | Mariner 10 | Flyby of Venus | Gravity assist; Closest approach: 5,768 kilometres (3,584 mi) |
10 February | Mars 4 | Flyby of Mars | Closest approach: 2,200 kilometres (1,400 mi) (orbiter mission) |
12 February | Mars 5 | Areocentric orbit injection | |
9 March | Mars 7 | Lander missed mars by 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) | |
12 March | Mars 6 | Lander lost a few seconds before anticipated landing | |
29 March | Mariner 10 | 1st flyby of Mercury | Closest approach: 703 kilometres (437 mi) |
2 June | Luna 22 | Selenocentric orbit injection | Photographic mission |
21 September | Mariner 10 | 2nd flyby of Mercury | Closest approach: 48,069 kilometres (29,869 mi) |
2 November | Luna 23 | Landed rough at Mare Crisium, the Moon | Sample return mission |
3 December | Pioneer 11 | Flyby of Jupiter | Gravity assist; Closest approach: 42,960 kilometres (26,690 mi) |
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EVAs
More information Start Date/Time, Duration ...
Start Date/Time | Duration | End Time | Spacecraft | Crew | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 February 15:19 |
5 hours 19 minutes |
20:38 | Skylab SLM-3 |
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Retrieved the final film from the solar observatory and photographed Kohoutek using an electronographic camera. |
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References
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