1998 Philippine general election

Presidential elections, legislative and local elections were held in the Philippines on May 11, 1998. In the presidential election, Vice President Joseph Estrada won a six-year term as president by a landslide victory. In the vice-presidential race, Senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo won a six-year term as vice president also by a landslide victory. This was the third election where both president and vice president came from different parties.

1998 Philippine general election

← 1995 May 11, 1998 2001 →
Registered	33,873,665
Turnout	29,285,775
1998 Philippine presidential election
← 1992 May 11, 1998 2004 →
Turnout	86.5% 11.0%
Nominee Joseph Estrada Jose de Venecia Jr. Raul Roco Party LAMMP Lakas Aksyon Running mate Edgardo Angara Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Irene Santiago Popular vote 10,722,295 4,268,483 3,720,212 Percentage 39.86% 15.87% 13.38%
President before election Fidel V. Ramos Lakas Elected President Joseph Estrada LAMMP
1998 Philippine vice presidential election
← 1992 May 11, 1998 2004 →
Candidate Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Edgardo Angara Oscar Orbos Party Lakas LAMMP Reporma Popular vote 12,667,252 5,652,068 3,321,779 Percentage 49.56% 22.11% 13.00%
Vice President before election Joseph Estrada LAMMP Elected Vice President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Lakas
1998 Philippine Senate election
← 1995 May 11, 1998 2001 →
12 (of the 24) seats in the Senate 13 seats needed for a majority
First party Second party   Party Lakas LDP Seats won 5 7 Popular vote 93,261,379 91,421,394 Percentage 45.44 44.54
Senate President before election Neptali Gonzales LDP Elected Senate President Marcelo Fernan LDP
1998 Philippine House of Representatives elections
← 1995 May 11, 1998 2001 →
All 257 seats in the House of Representatives (including 38 underhang seats) 129 seats needed for a majority
Party Vote % Seats +/– Lakas 49.01 111 +11 LAMMP 26.68 55 +55 Liberal 7.25 15 +10 NPC 4.08 9 −13 Reporma 3.95 4 +4 PROMDI 2.40 4 +4 Aksyon 0.44 1 +1 Ompia 0.19 1 +1 Others 1.42 4 +4 Independent 3.42 2 −5 Party-list — 14 +14 This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below. Speaker before Speaker after Jose de Venecia Jr. Lakas Manny Villar LAMMP

Candidates

Lakas–NUCD–UMDP Lakas–NUCD–UMDP For President Jose de Venecia Jr. Lakas For Vice President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo Lakas For Senators Lisandro Abadia Lakas Rolando Andaya Lakas Robert Barbers Lakas Rene Cayetano Lakas Roberto De Ocampo Lakas Ricardo Gloria Lakas Teofisto Guingona Jr. Lakas Loren Legarda Lakas Roberto Pagdanganan Lakas Hernando Perez Lakas Nina Rasul Lakas Ramon Revilla Sr. Lakas

LAMMP Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino For President Joseph Estrada LAMMP For Vice President Edgardo Angara LAMMP For Senators Tessie Aquino-Oreta LDP Ramon Bagatsing Jr. LDP Rodolfo Biazon LDP Robert Jaworski PMP Edcel Lagman LDP Blas Ople LDP John Henry Osmeña NPC Nene Pimentel PDP–Laban Miguel Romero LDP Tito Sotto LDP Ruben Torres Independent Freddie Webb LDP

Results

President

Main article: 1998 Philippine presidential election

Candidate		Party	Votes	%
	Joseph Estrada	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino	10,722,295	39.86
	Jose de Venecia Jr.	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP	4,268,483	15.87
	Raul Roco	Aksyon Demokratiko	3,720,212	13.83
	Lito Osmeña	PROMDI	3,347,631	12.44
	Alfredo Lim	Liberal Party	2,344,362	8.71
	Renato de Villa	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma–Lapiang Manggagawa	1,308,352	4.86
	Miriam Defensor Santiago	People's Reform Party	797,206	2.96
	Juan Ponce Enrile	Independent	343,139	1.28
	Santiago Dumlao	Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago	32,212	0.12
	Manuel Morato	Partido Bansang Marangal	18,644	0.07
Total			26,902,536	100.00
Valid votes			26,902,536	91.86
Invalid/blank votes[a]			2,383,239	8.14
Total votes			29,285,775	100.00
Registered voters/turnout			33,873,665	86.46
Source: Nohlen, Grotz, Hartmann, Hasall and Santos[1]

1. Includes 232,714 votes for Imelda Marcos (Kilusang Bagong Lipunan) who withdrew after the ballots were printed.

Vice president

Vice presidential election per province/city.

Candidate		Party	Votes	%
	Gloria Macapagal Arroyo	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP	12,667,252	49.56
	Edgardo Angara	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino	5,652,068	22.11
	Oscar Orbos	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma–Lapiang Manggagawa	3,321,779	13.00
	Serge Osmeña	Liberal Party	2,351,462	9.20
	Francisco Tatad	Grand Alliance for Democracy	745,389	2.92
	Ismael Sueno	PROMDI	537,677	2.10
	Irene Santiago	Aksyon Demokratiko	240,210	0.94
	Camilo Sabio	Partido Bansang Marangal	22,010	0.09
	Reynaldo Pacheco	Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago	21,422	0.08
Total			25,559,269	100.00
Valid votes			25,559,269	87.28
Invalid/blank votes			3,726,506	12.72
Total votes			29,285,775	100.00
Registered voters/turnout			33,873,665	86.46

Senate

Main article: 1998 Philippine Senate election

Representation of results; seats contested are inside the box.
  Lakas-NUCD-UMDP
  LDP
  NPC
  Aksyon Demokratiko
  GAD/Gabaybayan
  PDP–Laban
  PRP
  PMP
  Independent
  Vacancy

Candidate		Party or alliance			Votes	%
	Loren Legarda	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP			14,933,965	50.99
	Rene Cayetano	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP			13,177,584	45.00
	Tito Sotto	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino		Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino	11,520,678	39.34
	Nene Pimentel	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino		PDP–Laban	10,227,765	34.92
	Robert Barbers	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP			9,768,045	33.35
	Rodolfo Biazon	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino		Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino	9,352,964	31.94
	Blas Ople	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino		Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino	9,278,448	31.68
	John Henry Osmeña	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino		Nationalist People's Coalition	9,242,652	31.56
	Robert Jaworski	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino		Partido ng Masang Pilipino	8,968,616	30.62
	Ramon Revilla Sr.	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP			8,683,500	29.65
	Teofisto Guingona Jr.	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP			7,325,343	25.01
	Tessie Aquino-Oreta	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino		Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino	7,238,086	24.72
	Roberto Pagdanganan	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP			6,938,178	23.69
	Ruben Torres	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino		Independent	6,923,821	23.64
	Edcel Lagman	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino		Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino	6,831,441	23.33
	Santanina Rasul	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP			6,695,955	22.86
	Rolando Andaya Sr.	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP			5,722,871	19.54
	Roberto de Ocampo	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP			5,663,401	19.34
	Lisandro Abadia	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP			5,426,378	18.53
	Haydee Yorac	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma–Lapiang Manggagawa			4,618,565	15.77
	Ricardo Gloria	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP			4,589,190	15.67
	Ramon Bagatsing Jr.	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino		Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino	4,540,475	15.50
	Freddie Webb	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino		Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino	4,514,475	15.42
	Hernando Perez	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP			4,336,969	14.81
	Rey Langit	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma–Lapiang Manggagawa			3,930,085	13.42
	Raul Daza	Liberal Party			2,995,851	10.23
	Miguel Luis Romero	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino		Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino	2,781,973	9.50
	Charito Plaza	Liberal Party			2,433,272	8.31
	Roy Señeres	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma–Lapiang Manggagawa			1,165,455	3.98
	Gerry Geronimo	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma–Lapiang Manggagawa			871,518	2.98
	Hadja Putri Zorayda Tamano	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma–Lapiang Manggagawa			855,738	2.92
	Roberto Sebastian	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma–Lapiang Manggagawa			721,824	2.46
	Jose Villegas	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma–Lapiang Manggagawa			608,186	2.08
	Renato Garcia	Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago			554,818	1.89
	David Castro	Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago			436,779	1.49
	Ludovico Badoy	Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago			388,465	1.33
	Oliver Lozano	Independent			352,037	1.20
	Abraham Iribani	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma–Lapiang Manggagawa			319,410	1.09
	Eduardo Bondoc	Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago			202,217	0.69
	Fred Henry Marallag	Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago			106,496	0.36
Total					205,243,489	100.00
Total votes					29,285,775	–
Registered voters/turnout					33,873,665	86.46

House of Representatives

Main article: 1998 Philippine House of Representatives elections

The first party-list elections were held. Aside from voting for the representative from their congressional district, a voter can also vote for a party-list.

District elections

Party		Votes	%	+/–	Seats	+/–
	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP	11,981,024	49.01	+8.35	111	+11
	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino	6,520,744	26.68	New	55	New
	Liberal Party	1,773,124	7.25	+5.39	15	+10
	Nationalist People's Coalition	998,239	4.08	−8.11	9	−13
	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma	966,653	3.95	New	4	New
	Probinsya Muna Development Initiative	586,954	2.40	New	4	New
	PDP–Laban	134,331	0.55	−0.13	0	−1
	Aksyon Demokratiko	106,843	0.44	New	1	New
	Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino	47,273	0.19	New	0	New
	Ompia Party	46,462	0.19	New	1	New
	People's Reform Party	38,640	0.16	−0.73	0	0
	Kilusang Bagong Lipunan	35,522	0.15	New	0	0
	Partido Demokratiko Sosyalista ng Pilipinas	8,850	0.04	−0.00	0	0
	Lapiang Manggagawa	8,792	0.04	−0.50	0	0
	Nacionalista Party	4,412	0.02	−0.78	0	−1
	Partido ng Masang Pilipino	2,010	0.01	−0.52	0	−1
	Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapabago	1,310	0.01	New	0	New
	Unaffiliated	348,281	1.42	New	4	New
	Independent	834,934	3.42	−3.03	2	−5
Party-list seats[a]					51	+51
Total		24,444,398	100.00	–	257	+37
Valid votes		24,444,398	83.47
Invalid/blank votes		4,841,377	16.53
Total votes		29,285,775	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		33,873,665	86.46
Source: Nohlen, Grotz and Hartmann[2] and Teehankee[3]

1. Only 14 were seated in the party-list election.

Party-list election

Party		Votes	%	Seats
	Association of Philippine Electric Cooperatives	503,487	5.50	2
	Alyansang Bayanihan ng mga Magsasaka, Manggagawang Bukid at Mangingisda	321,646	3.51	1
	Alagad	312,500	3.41	1
	Veterans Federation Party	304,902	3.33	1
	Probinsya Muna Development Initiative	255,184	2.79	1
	Adhikain at Kilusan ng Ordinaryong Tao Para sa Lupa, Pabahay, Hanapbuhay at Kaunlaran	239,042	2.61	1
	National Federation of Small Coconut Farmers Organization	238,303	2.60	1
	Abanse! Pinay	235,548	2.57	1
	Akbayan	232,376	2.54	1
	Luzon Farmers Party	215,643	2.36	1
	Sanlakas	194,617	2.13	1
	Cooperative NATCCO Network Party	189,802	2.07	1
	Philippine Coconut Producers Federation	186,388	2.04	1
	Coalition of Associations of Senior Citizens in the Philippines	143,444	1.57	0
	Others	5,582,427	60.97	0
Total		9,155,309	100.00	14
Valid votes		9,155,309	31.26
Invalid/blank votes		20,130,466	68.74
Total votes		29,285,775	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		33,873,665	86.46
Source: Supreme Court, Dieter Nohlen[4]

Local elections

Local elections for all positions above the barangay level, but below the regional level, were held on this day.

The newly created province of Compostela Valley (now known as "Davao de Oro") held its first local elections on this day as well.

See also

• Commission on Elections
• Politics of the Philippines
• Philippine elections
• President of the Philippines
• 11th Congress of the Philippines