2010 Bivalvia taxonomy

In May 2010, a new taxonomy of the Bivalvia was published in the journal Malacologia. The 2010 taxonomy is known as the Taxonomy of the Bivalvia (Bouchet, Rocroi, Bieler, Carter & Coan, 2010)^{[citation needed]}. The 2010 taxonomy was published as Nomenclator of Bivalve Families with a Classification of Bivalve Families.^[1] This was a revised system for classifying bivalve mollusks such as clams, oysters, scallops, mussels and so on. In compiling this new taxonomy, the authors used a variety of phylogenetic information including molecular analysis, anatomical analysis, shell morphology and shell microstructure, as well as bio-geographic, paleobiogeographical and stratigraphic information.

An assortment of shells of marine bivalves and a few marine gastropods found on a beach in Wales

In this classification, 324 families were recognized as valid. Of those, 214 are known exclusively as fossils. The remaining 110 families occur in the recent past, with or without a fossil record.^[1] This classification has since been adopted by WoRMS, the World Register of Marine Species.^[2]

The classification system

Classification of Class Bivalvia (under the redaction of Rüdiger Bieler, Joseph G. Carter and Eugene V. Coan) (all taxa marked † are extinct) :^[3]

Subclass, order, superfamily incertae sedis Family †Archaeocardiidae Family †Camyidae Family †Cardiolariidae Family †Cirravidae Family †Fordillidae Family †Laurskiidae Family †Thoraliidae Family †Tuarangiidae Clade Heterodonta Order and superfamily incertae sedis Family †Anodontopsidae Family †Baidiostracidae Family †Carydiidae Family †Intihuarellidae Family †Lyrodesmatidae Family †Montanariidae Family †Nyassidae Family †Pseudarcidae Family †Redoniidae Family †Tanaodontidae Family †Zadimerodiidae Order incertae sedis Superfamily †Anthracosioidea Family †Anthracosiidae Family †Carbonicolidae Family †Opokiellidae Family Priukiellidae Family †Shaanxiconchidae Family †Sinomyidae Superfamily Gastrochaenoidea Family Gastrochaenidae Superfamily Hiatelloidea Family Hiatellidae Superfamily †Kalenteroidea Family †Kalenteridae Superfamily †Modiomorphoidea Family †Cypricardiniidae Family †Hippopodiumidae Family †Modiomorphidae Family †Palaeopharidae Family †Tusayanidae Superfamily Solenoidea Family Pharidae Family Solenidae Order †Actinodontida Superfamily †Cycloconchoidea Family †Actinodontidae Family †Cycloconchidae Order Carditida Superfamily incertae sedis Family †Aenigmoconchidae Family †Palaeocarditidae Family Cardiniidae Family †Myophoricardiidae Superfamily Carditoidea Family Carditidae Family Condylocardiidae Superfamily Crassatelloidea Family Astartidae Family Crassatellidae Family †Eodonidae Family †Ptychomyidae Order †Hippuritida Superfamily †Radiolitoidea Family †Antillocaprinidae Family †Caprinidae Family †Caprinulidae Family †Caprotinidae Family †Diceratidae Family †Hippuritidae Family †Ichthyosarcolitidae Family †Monopleuridae Family †Plagioptychidae Family †Radiolitidae Family †Techmanellidae Superfamily †Requienioidea Family †Epiceratidae Family †Requieniidae Order Lucinida Superfamily †Babinkoidea Family †Babinkidae Family †Coxiconchiidae Superfamily Lucinoidea Family Lucinidae Family †Mactromyidae Family †Paracyclidae Superfamily Thyasiroidea Family Thyasiridae Order Myida Superfamily Myoidea Family Corbulidae Family Erodonidae Family Myidae Family †Pleurodesmatidae Family †Raetomyidae Superfamily Pholadoidea Family Pholadidae Family Teredinidae Order †Orthonotida Superfamily †Orthonotoidea Family †Konduriidae Family †Orthonotidae Family †Prothyridae Family †Solenomorphidae Order Pholadomyida (=Anomalodesmata) Superfamily incertae sedis Family †Ucumariidae Superfamily Ceratomyoidea Family †Ceratomyidae Superfamily Clavagelloidea Family Clavagellidae Family Penicillidae Superfamily †Edmondioidea Family †Edmondiidae Family †Pachydomidae Superfamily Myochamoidea Family Cleidothaeridae Family Myochamidae Superfamily Pandoroidea Family Lyonsiidae Family Pandoridae Superfamily Pholadomyoidea Family †Burmesiidae Family †Ceratomyopsidae Family †Grammysiidae Family †Margaritariidae Family Parilimyidae Family Pholadomyidae Family †Pleuromyidae Family †Sanguinolitidae Superfamily Thracioidea Family Laternulidae Family Periplomatidae Family Thraciidae Clade Septibranchia (within Pholadomyida) Superfamily Cuspidarioidea Family Cuspidariidae Family Halonymphidae Family Protocuspidariidae Family Spheniopsidae Superfamily Poromyoidea Family Cetoconchidae Family Poromyidae Superfamily Verticordioidea Family Euciroidae Family Lyonsiellidae Family Verticordiidae Order Venerida Superfamily incertae sedis Family †Hemidonacidae Superfamily Arcticoidea Family Arcticidae Family† Euloxidae Family †Isocyprinidae Family †Pollicidae Family Trapezidae Family †Veniellidae Superfamily Cardioidea Family Cardiidae Superfamily Chamoidea Family Chamidae Superfamily Cyamioidea Family Basterotiidae Family Cyamiidae Family Galatheavalvidae Family Sportellidae Superfamily Cyrenoidea Family Cyrenidae Family Glauconomidae Superfamily Cyrenoidoidea Family Cyrenoididae Superfamily Dreissenoidea Family Dreissenidae Superfamily Gaimardioidea Family Gaimardiidae Superfamily Galeommatoidea Family Galeommatidae Family Lasaeidae Superfamily Glossoidea Family Glossidae Family Kelliellidae Family Vesicomyidae Superfamily Mactroidea Family Anatinellidae Family Cardiliidae Family Mactridae Family Mesodesmatidae Superfamily Sphaerioidea Family †Ferganoconchidae Family †Kijidae Family †Limnocyrenidae Family †Neomiodontidae Family †Pseudocardiniidae Family †Sibireconchidae Family Sphaeriidae Superfamily Tellinoidea Family Donacidae Family †Icanotiidae Family Psammobiidae Family †Quenstedtiidae Family Semelidae Family Solecurtidae Family †Sowerbyidae Family †Tancrediidae Family Tellinidae Family †Unicardiopsidae Superfamily Ungulinoidea Family Ungulinidae Superfamily Veneroidea Family Neoleptonidae Family Veneridae †"Megalodonts" Family †Congeriomorphidae Family †Dicerocardiidae Family †Mecynodontidae Family †Megalodontidae Family †Pachyrismatidae Family †Plethocardiidae Family †Wallowaconchidae

Clade Palaeoheterodonta Order Trigoniida Superfamily †Beichuanioidea Liu & Gu, 1988 Family †Beichuaniidae Liu & Gu, 1988 Superfamily †Megatrigonioidea Van Hoepen, 1929 Family †Iotrigoniidae Savelive, 1958 Family †Megatrigoniidae Van Hoepen, 1929 Family †Rutitrigoniidae Van Hoepen, 1929 Superfamily Myophorelloidea Kobayashi, 1954 Family †Buchotrigoniidae Leanza, 1993 Family †Laevitrigoniidae Savelive, 1958 Family †Myophorellidae Kobayashi, 1954 Family †Vaugoniidae Kobayashi, 1954 Superfamily Trigonioidea Lamarck, 1819 Family †Eoschizodidae Newell & Boyd, 1975 (syn: Curtonotidae) Family †Groeberellidae Pérez, Reyes, & Danborenea 1995 Family †Myophoriidae Bronn, 1849 (syn: Cytherodontidae, Costatoriidae, Gruenewaldiidae) Family †Prosogyrotrigoniidae Kobayashi, 1954 Family †Scaphellinidae Newell & Ciriacks, 1962 Family †Schizodidae Newell & Boyd, 1975 Family †Sinodoridae Pojeta & Zhang, 1984 Family Trigoniidae Lamarck, 1819 Order Unionida Superfamily †Archanodontoidea Modell, 1957 (placement in Unionoida uncertain) Family †Archanodontidae Modell, 1957 Superfamily incertae sedis Family †Desertellidae Family †Trigonodidae Family †Utschamiellidae Superfamily Etherioidea Deshayes, 1832 Family Etheriidae Deshayes, 1832 (syn: Mulleriidae, Pseudomulleriidae) Family Iridinidae Swainson, 1840 (syn: Mutelidae, Pleiodontidae) Family Mycetopodidae Gray, 1840 Superfamily Hyrioidea Swainson, 1840 Family Hyriidae Swainson, 1840 Superfamily †Trigonioidoidea Cox, 1952 Family †Jilinoconchidae Ma, 1989 (placement uncertain) Family †Nakamuranaiadidae Guo, 1981 (syn:Sinonaiinae, Nippononaiidae) Family †Plicatounionidae Chen, 1988 Family †Pseudohyriidae Kobayashi, 1968 Family †Sainschandiidae Kolesnikov, 1977 Family †Trigonioididae Cox, 1952 Superfamily Unionoidea Rafinesque, 1820 Family Liaoningiidae Yu & Dong, 1993 (placement uncertain) Family Margaritiferidae Henderson, 1929 (syn:Margaritaninae, Cumberlandiinae, Promargaritiferidae) Family †Sancticarolitidae Simone & Mezzalira, 1997 Family Unionidae Rafinesque, 1820 Subclass Protobranchia Order and superfamily incertae sedis Family †Afghanodesmatidae Family †Antactinodiontidae Family †Ctenodontidae Family †Eritropidae Family †Pseudocryrtodontidae Family †Tironuculidae Order Nuculanida Superfamily Nuculanoidea Family Bathyspinulidae Family †Cadomiidae Family †Cucullellidae Family †Isoarcidae Family Malletiidae Family Neilonellidae Family Nuculanidae Family †Palaeoneilidae Family Phaseolidae (previously Lametilidae) Family †Polydevciidae Family Siliculidae Family Tindariidae Family Yoldiidae Order Nuculida Superfamily Nuculoidea Family Nuculidae Family †Nucularcidae Family †Palaeoconchichidae Family †Praenuculidae Family Sareptidae Order Solemyida Superfamily Manzanelloidea Family Manzanellidae Superfamily Solemyoidea Family Solemyidae Subclass Autobranchia Superorder, order and superfamily incertae sedis Family †Cercomyidae Family †Palaeocardiidae Family †Pucamyidae Superorder Heteroconchia Order incertae sedis Family †Amnigeniidae Family †Lipanellidae Family †Palaeomutelidae Superorder Nepiomorphia Order †Antipleurida Superfamily †Dualinoidea Family †Dualinidae Family †Spanilidae Family †Stolidotidae Order †Praecardiida Superfamily †Praecardioidea Family †Buchiolidae Family †Praecardiidae Superfamily †Cardioloidea Family †Cardiolidae Family †Slavidae Superorder Pteriomorphia Order and superfamily incertae sedis Family †Eligmidae Family †Evyanidae Family †Ischyrodontidae Family †Limatulinidae Family †Matheriidae Family †Myodakryotidae Family †Pichleridae Family †Rhombopteriidae Family †Umburridae Order Arcida Superfamily incertae sedis Family †Catamarcaiidae Superfamily Arcoidea Family Arcidae Family Cucullaeidae Family Frejidae Family Glycymerididae Family Noetiidae Family †Parallelodontidae Superfamily Limopsoidea Family Limopsidae Family Philobryidae Order Cyrtodontida Superfamily †Cyrtodontoidea Family †Cyrtodontidae Family †Ptychodesmatidae Superfamily †Falcatodontoidea Family †Falcatodontidae Order Limida Superfamily Limoidea Family Limidae Order Mytilida Superfamily †Modiolopsoidea Family †Colpomyidae Family †Modiolopsidae Family †Saffordiidae Superfamily Mytiloidea Family †Mysideiellidae Family Mytilidae Order Ostreida Superfamily Ostreoidea Family †Arctostreidae Family †Chondrodontidae Family Gryphaeidae Family Ostreidae Order Pectinida Superfamily incertae sedis Family †Euchondriidae Family †Praeostreidae Family †Prospondylidae Family †Saharopteriidae Family †Vlastidae Superfamily Anomioidea Family Anomiidae Family †Permanomiidae Family Placunidae Superfamily †Aulacomyelloidea Family †Aulacomyellidae Family †Bositridae Superfamily †Aviculopectinoidea Family †Aviculopectinidae Family †Deltopectinidae Superfamily †Buchioidea Family †Buchiidae Family †Eurydesmatidae Superfamily †Chaenocardioidea Family †Chaenocardiidae Family †Binipectinidae Family †Streblochondriidae Superfamily Dimyoidea Family Dimyidae Superfamily †Heteropectinoidea Family †Acanthopectinidae Family †Annuliconchidae Family †Heteropectinidae Family †Limpectinidae Superfamily †Halobioidea Family †Claraiidae Family †Daonellidae Family †Halobiidae Superfamily †Leiopectinoidea Family †Leiopectinidae Superfamily †Monotoidea Family †Dolponellidae Family †Monotidae Superfamily †Oxytomoidea Family †Otapiriidae Family †Oxytomidae Superfamily Pectinoidea Family Entoliidae Family †Entolioidesidae Family †Neitheidae Family Pectinidae Family †Pernopectinidae Family Propeamussiidae Family Spondylidae Family †Tosapectinidae Superfamily Plicatuloidea Family Plicatulidae Superfamily †Pseudomonotoidea Family †Hunanopectinidae Family †Pseudomonotidae Family †Terquemiidae Superfamily †Pterinopectinoidea Family †Natalissimidae Family †Pterinopectinidae Order Pteriida Superfamily †Ambonychioidea Family †Ambonychiidae Family †Abiellidae Family †Alatoconchidae Family †Inoceramidae Family †Kinerkaellidae Family †Lunulacardiidae Family †Lunulacardiidae Family †Manticulidae Family †Monopteriidae Family †Myalinidae Family †Prokopievskiidae Family †Ramonalinidae Superfamily Pinnoidea Family Pinnidae Superfamily Pterioidea Family †Bakevelliidae Family †Cassianellidae Family †Isognomonidae Family †Kochiidae Family Malleidae Family †Pergamidiidae Family †Plicatosylidae Family †Posidoniidae Family †Pterineidae Family Pteriidae Family Pulvinitidae Family †Retroceramidae