2016 elections in India

The elections in India in 2016 include the five state legislative assembly elections.^[1] The tenure of the state legislative assembly of Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Kerala, Puducherry, Assam, expired during the year.^[2][3] More than 18,000 Voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPATs) in 64 Assembly constituencies were used in these 5 elections.^[4] The dates of these elections were announced on 4 March 2016.^[5]

Elections in India

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Lok Sabha by-elections

Date	S.No	Constituency	State/UT	MP before election	Party before election		Elected MP	Party after election		Remarks
16 May 2016	1.	Tura	Meghalaya	P. A. Sangma		National People's Party	Conrad Sangma		National People's Party	Due To Demise of P. A. Sangma
19 November 2016	14.	Lakhimpur	Assam	Sarbananda Sonowal		Bharatiya Janata Party	Pradan Baruah		Bharatiya Janata Party	Due To Resignation of Sarbananda Sonowal
	12.	Shahdol	Madhya Pradesh	Dalpat Singh Paraste		Bharatiya Janata Party	Gyan Singh		Bharatiya Janata Party	Due To Demise of Dalpat Singh Paraste
	1.	Cooch Behar	West Bengal	Renuka Sinha		Trinamool Congress	Partha Pratim Roy		Trinamool Congress	Due To Demise of Renuka Sinha
	30.	Tamluk		Suvendu Adhikari		Trinamool Congress	Dibyendu Adhikari		Trinamool Congress	Due To Resignation of Suvendu Adhikari

Legislative Assembly Elections

Start date	End date	State	Government before		Chief Minister before	Government after		Elected Chief Minister
4 April 2016	11 April 2016	Assam		Indian National Congress	Tarun Gogoi		Bharatiya Janata Party	Sarbananda Sonowal
							Asom Gana Parishad
							Bodoland People's Front
4 April 2016	5 May 2016	West Bengal		All India Trinamool Congress	Mamata Banerjee		All India Trinamool Congress	Mamata Banerjee
16 May 2016		Kerala		United Democratic Front	Oommen Chandy		Left Democratic Front	Pinarayi Vijayan
		Puducherry		All India N.R. Congress	N. Rangaswamy		Indian National Congress	V. Narayanasamy
				Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
		Tamil Nadu		All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	J. Jayalalithaa		All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	J. Jayalalithaa

Assam

Main article: 2016 Assam Legislative Assembly election

The tenure of the Legislative Assembly of Assam expired on June 5, 2016. The polls for the incumbent assembly were held in two phases on April 4 and 11 2016 to elect members of the 126 constituencies in Assam. BJP won 60 seats and became biggest party in the election.

Alliance		Party		Popular vote			Seats
				Vote	%	±pp	Contested	Won	+/-
	NDA		Bharatiya Janata Party	49,92,185	29.51	18.04	84	60	55
			Asom Gana Parishad	13,77,482	8.14	8.15	24	14	4
			Bodoland People's Front	6,66,057	3.94	2.19	16	12
			Total	70,35,724	41.59	7.70	126	86	59
	UPA		Indian National Congress	52,38,655	30.96	8.43	122	26	52
None			All India United Democratic Front	22,07,945	13.05	0.48	74	13	5
			Independents	18,67,531	11.04	1.90	496	1	2
			others	5,69,509	3.36			0
Total				1,69,19,364	100	N/A		126
Valid votes				1,69,19,364	99.95
Invalid votes				7,597	0.05
Votes cast / turnout				1,69,26,961	84.67
Abstentions				30,63,794	15.33
Registered voters				1,99,90,755

West Bengal

Main article: 2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election

The tenure of the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal expired on May 29, 2016. Like in 2011, the polls for the next assembly were held in six phases. The first phase, held in Naxal-affected areas, had two polling dates — April 4 and April 11. The other phases were held on April 17, 21, 25, 30 and May 5.^[6][7]

West Bengal election results were announced along with other four assemblies on 19 May 2016. All India Trinamool Congress under Mamata Banerjee won 211 seats, and thus was reelected with an enhanced majority.^[8]

Parties and coalitions		2016 West Bengal Bidhan Sabha Election			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Contested	Won	+/−
	All India Trinamool Congress (AITC)	24,564,523	44.91		293	211	27
	Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM)	10,802,058	19.75		148	26	14
	Indian National Congress (INC)	6,700,938	12.25		92	44	2
	Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)	5,555,134	10.16		291	3	3
	All India Forward Bloc (AIFB)	1,543,764	2.82	1.98	25	2	9
	Independents (IND)	1,184,047	2.16	0.97	371	1	1
	Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP)	911,004	1.67	1.33	19	3	4
	Communist Party of India (CPI)	791,925	1.45	0.35	11	1	1
	Socialist Unity Centre of India (SUCI)	365,996	0.67	0.23	182	0	1
	Gorkha Janmukti Morcha (GOJAM)	254,626	0.47	0.25	5	3
	Democratic Socialist Party (DSP)	167,576	0.31	0.04	2	0	1
	Nationalist Congress Party (NCP)	69,898	0.13	0.10	1	0
	Samajwadi Party (SP)	46,402	0.08	0.66	23	0	1
	Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD)	15,439	0.03	0.02	1	0
	None of the Above (NOTA)	831,848	1.52	1.52
Total		54,697,791	100.0		2255	294	±0
Valid votes		54,697,791	99.92
Invalid votes		44,622	0.08
Votes cast / turnout		54,742,413	83.02
Abstentions		11,196,593	16.98
Registered voters		65,939,006

Kerala

Main article: 2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election

The tenure of the Legislative Assembly of Kerala expired on May 31, 2016. The polls for the next assembly were held on 16 May 2016. The Left Democratic Front won a clear victory with 91 in 140 seats.^[9]

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote		Seats
		Votes	%	Candidates	Won
	Communist Party of India (Marxist)	5,365,472	26.7	84	59
	Indian National Congress	4,794,793	23.8	87	21
	Bharatiya Janata Party	2,129,726	10.6	98	1
	Communist Party of India	1,643,878	8.2	25	19
	Indian Union Muslim League	1,496,864	7.4	23	18
	Kerala Congress (Mani)	807,718	4.0	15	5
	Bharath Dharma Jana Sena	795,797	4.0	36	0
	Independents (LDF)	487,510	2.4	8	4
	Janata Dal (United)	296,585	1.5	7	0
	Janata Dal (Secular)	293,274	1.5	5	3
	Nationalist Congress Party	237,408	1.2	4	2
	Independents (IND)	220,797	1.1	420	1
	Revolutionary Socialist Party	216,071	1.1	5	0
	Kerala Congress (Democratic)	157,584	0.78	4	0
	National Secular Conference	130,843	0.65	2	1
	Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist)	75,725	0.38	1	1
	Kerala Congress (Balakrishna Pillai)	74,429	0.37	1	1
	Kerala Congress (Jacob)	73,770	0.37	1	1
	Communist Marxist Party (Aravindakshan)	64,666	0.32	1	1
	Congress (Secular)	54,347	0.27	1	1
Total		20,232,718	100.00	1,203	140
Valid votes		20,232,718	99.97
Invalid votes		6,107	0.03
Votes cast / turnout		20,238,825	77.53
Abstentions		5,866,244	22.47
Registered voters		26,105,069

Puducherry

Main article: 2016 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election

The tenure of the Legislative Assembly of Puducherry expired on June 2, 2016. The polls for the next assembly were held on 16 May 2016 to elect members of the 30 constituencies in the non-contiguous territory. INC won 15 out of 30 seats.

Parties and Coalitions		Votes	Vote %	Vote swing	Contested	Won	Change
	Indian National Congress	2,44,886	30.60	5.54	21	15	8
	All India N.R. Congress	2,25,082	28.1	3.65	30	8	7
	All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	134,597	16.8	3.05	30	4	1
	Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	70,836	8.9	1.78	9	2
	Bharatiya Janata Party	19,303	2.4	1.08	30	0
	Independents	62,884	7.9	–		1
	None of the above	13,240	1.7	–	–	–	–
Total		8,00,343				30
Valid votes		8,00,343	99.86
Invalid votes		1,099	0.14
Votes cast / turnout		8,01,442	85.08
Abstentions		1,43,490	14.92
Registered voters		9,41,935
Source: International Business Times

Tamil Nadu

Main article: 2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election

The tenure of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu expired on May 22, 2016. The polls for the next assembly were held on 16 May 2016 for the 234 seats of the Legislative Assembly in the state of Tamil Nadu in India.^[10] In the previous election in 2011, the AIADMK, under the leadership of Jayalalithaa, won a majority and formed the government.^[11] The results declared on 19 May 2016 and AIADMK was able to retain power with a comfortable majority of 133 seats out of 231.

Summary of the 2016 Tamil Nadu legislative election^[12]

Party/Alliance				Votes	%	Seats
						Contested	Won	+/-
	All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK)			17,806,490	40.88%	234	136	14
	DPA		Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)	13,670,511	31.39%	178	89	66
			Indian National Congress	2,774,075	6.47%	41	8	3
			Indian Union Muslim League	313,808	0.73%	5	1	1
			Puthiya Tamilagam	219,830	0.51%	4	0	2
			Manithaneya Makkal Katchi	197,150	0.46%	4	0	2
		Total		17,175,374	39.40	234	98	66
	People's Welfare Front (PWF)		Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam	1,037,431	2.41%	105	0	29
			Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	373,713	0.87%	28	0
			Communist Party of India	340,290	0.79%	25	0	9
			Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi	331,849	0.77%	25	0
			Communist Party of India (Marxist)	307,303	0.72%	25	0	10
			Tamil Maanila Congress	230,711	0.54%	26	0
		Total		2,621,297	6.1	234	0	48
	Pattali Makkal Katchi			2,302,564	5.36%	234	0	3
	Bharatiya Janata Party			1,235,660	2.86%	234	0
	Naam Tamilar Katchi			460,089	1.07%	234	0
	All India Forward Bloc			44,546	0.10%	33	0	1
	Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi			167,560	0.39%	72	0
	Bahujan Samaj Party			97,823	0.23%	n/a	0
	Social Democratic Party of India			65,978	0.15%	n/a	0
	Independents			617,907	1.44%	234	0
	None of the above			5,65,077	1.31%	234	–	–
Total				4,35,56,184	100.00	-	234	-
Valid votes				4,35,56,184	99.93
Invalid votes				29,507	0.07
Votes cast / turnout				4,35,85,691	74.81
Abstentions				1,46,74,574	25.19
Registered voters				5,82,60,506

Election to two assembly constituencies were cancelled by the Election Commission on confirmed reports of bribing voters in Aravakurichi and Thanjavur. Elections were held later there on 26 October 2016 ^[13][14]

Legislative Assembly by-elections

Arunachal Pradesh

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	19 November 2016	Hayuliang	Kalikho Pul		People's Party of Arunachal	Dasanglu Pul		Bharatiya Janata Party

Assam

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	19 November 2016	Baithalangso	Mansing Rongpi		Indian National Congress	Mansing Rongpi		Bharatiya Janata Party

Bihar

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	13 February 2016	Harlakhi	Basant Kushwaha		Rashtriya Lok Samata Party	Sudhanshu Shekhar		Rashtriya Lok Samata Party

Gujarat

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	21 January 2016	Choryasi	Rajendrabhai Parmar		Bharatiya Janata Party	Zankhana Patel		Bharatiya Janata Party
2	16 May 2016	Talala	Jashubhai Barad		Indian National Congress	Govindbhai Parmar		Bharatiya Janata Party

Jammu and Kashmir

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	22 June 2016	Anantnag	Mufti Mohammed Sayeed		Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party	Mehbooba Mufti		Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party

Jharkhand

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	16 May 2016	Godda	Raghu Nandan Mandal		Bharatiya Janata Party	Amit Kumar Mandal		Bharatiya Janata Party
2	Panki	Bidesh Singh		Indian National Congress	Devendra Kumar Singh		Indian National Congress

Karnataka

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	13 February 2016	Bidar	Gurupadappa Nagamarapalli		Bharatiya Janata Party	Rahim Khan		Indian National Congress
2		Devadurga	Venkatesh Nayak		Indian National Congress	K. Shivana Gowda Nayaka		Bharatiya Janata Party
3		Hebbal	R Jagadeesh Kumar		Indian National Congress	Y.A. Narayana Swamy		Bharatiya Janata Party

Madhya Pradesh

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	13 February 2016	Maihar	Narayan Prasad		Indian National Congress	Narayan Tripathi		Bharatiya Janata Party
2	30 May 2016	Ghoradongri	Sajjan Singh Uikey		Bharatiya Janata Party	Mangal Singh Dhruve		Bharatiya Janata Party
3	19 November 2016	Nepanagar	Rajendra Shyamlal Dadu		Bharatiya Janata Party	Manju Rajendra Dadu		Bharatiya Janata Party

Maharashtra

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	13 February 2016	Palghar	Krushna Arjun Ghoda		Shiv Sena	Amit Krushna Ghoda		Shiv Sena

Puducherry

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	19 November 2016	Nellithope	A. Johnkumar		Indian National Congress	V. Narayanasamy		Indian National Congress

Punjab

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	13 February 2016	Khadoor Sahib	Ramanjit Singh Sikki		Indian National Congress	Ranjit Singh Brahampura		Shiromani Akali Dal

Tamil Nadu

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	19 November 2016	Thiruparankundram	S. M. Seenivel		All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	A. K. Bose		All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

Telangana

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	13 February 2016	Narayankhed	Patlolla Kishta Reddy		Indian National Congress	Mahareddy Bhupal Reddy		Bharat Rashtra Samithi
2	16 May 2016	Palair	Ramireddy Venkatareddy		Indian National Congress	Tummala Nageswara Rao		Bharat Rashtra Samithi

Tripura

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	13 February 2016	Amarpur	Manoranjan Acharjee		Communist Party of India (Marxist)	Parimal Debnath		Communist Party of India (Marxist)
2	19 November 2016	Barjala	Jitendra Sarkar		Communist Party of India (Marxist)	Jhumu Sarkar		Communist Party of India (Marxist)
3	Khowai	Samsir Debsarkar		Communist Party of India (Marxist)	Biswajit Dutta		Communist Party of India (Marxist)

Uttar Pradesh

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	13 February 2016	Deoband	Rajendra Singh Rana		Samajwadi Party	Mavia Ali		Indian National Congress
2	Muzaffarnagar	Chitranjan Swaroop		Samajwadi Party	Kapil Dev Aggarwal		Bharatiya Janata Party
3	Bikapur	Mitrasen Yadav		Samajwadi Party	Anand Sen		Samajwadi Party
4	16 May 2016	Bilari	Mohd. Irfan		Samajwadi Party	Mohd. Faeem		Samajwadi Party
5	Jangipur	Kailash		Samajwadi Party	Kismatiya		Samajwadi Party

West Bengal

S.No	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election		Elected MLA	Party after election
1	19 November 2016	Monteswar	Sajal Panja		All India Trinamool Congress	Saikat Panja		All India Trinamool Congress

Local Body Elections

Chandigarh

Date	Municipal Bodies	Winner 2016
18 December 2016	Chandigarh Municipal Corporation		Bharatiya Janata Party