2023 AV

2023 AV is a near-Earth object that passed 15,551 ± 400 km (9,663 ± 249 mi) from the centerpoint of Earth around 12 January 2023 20:09 ± 00:05 UT.^[3] Since Earth has a radius of about 6,400 km (4,000 mi), it passed about 9,200 km (5,700 mi) from the surface of Earth. The asteroid is about 2–5 meters in diameter. The asteroid came to perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) on 3 November 2022^[4] and approached Earth from the direction of the Sun. It was first imaged by the Catalina Sky Survey on 13 January 2023 04:56,^[1] nine hours after closest approach. It was confirmed via the Near-Earth Object Confirmation Page and publicly announced by the Minor Planet Center 42.5 hours after closest approach or about 34 hours after the first image. An impact by this object would have been similar to 2008 TC3.

2023 AV

Discovery[1][2]
Discovered by	Catalina Sky Survey
Discovery site	Catalina Stn.
Discovery date	13 January 2023
Designations
MPC designation	2023 AV
Minor planet category	NEO · Apollo
Orbital characteristics[3]
Epoch 25 February 2023 (JD 2460000.5) (Post-flyby orbit)
Uncertainty parameter 7
Observation arc	17.9 hr[1]
Aphelion	1.583 AU
Perihelion	0.683 AU
Semi-major axis	1.133 AU
Eccentricity	0.3972
Orbital period (sidereal)	1.21 yr (440.5 days)
Mean anomaly	84.426°
Mean motion	0° 49m 2.444s / day
Inclination	10.649°
Longitude of ascending node	112.023°
Time of perihelion	3 November 2022 @ 0.54AU[4]
Argument of perihelion	265.681°
Earth MOID	0.000146 AU (21,800 km; 0.057 LD)
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	2-5 meters (CNEOS)
Absolute magnitude (H)	30.587±0.365[3] · 30.66[1]

2023 AV Closest Earth Approach on 2023-Jan-12 20:09 UT^[3]

Date & time of closest approach	Earth distance (AU)	Sun distance (AU)	Velocity wrt Earth (km/s)	Velocity wrt Sun (km/s)	Uncertainty region (3-sigma)	Reference
2023-01-12 20:09 ± 00:05	0.000104 AU (15,560 km; 0.04047 LD)	0.983 AU (147.1 million km; 383 LD)	15.0	30.9	± 400 km	Horizons

The 2023 Earth approach lifted the orbit and increased the orbital period from 314 days to 440 days.^[5] This changed it from an Aten asteroid to an Apollo asteroid.

Orbital Elements

Parameter	Epoch	Period (p)	Aphelion (Q)	Perihelion (q)	Semi-major axis (a)	Eccentricity (e)	Inclination (i)
Units		(days)	AU				(°)
Pre-flyby	2022-Oct-25[5]	314.2	1.265	0.544	0.904	0.3983	12.34°
Post-flyby	2023-Feb-25[3]	440.5	1.583	0.683	1.133	0.3972	10.65°