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2023 Nigerian Senate election

Elections in Nigeria From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2023 Nigerian Senate election
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The 2023 Nigerian Senate elections were held on 25 February 2023 in all 109 senatorial districts where voters elected senators using first-past-the-post voting.[1][2] The last regular senatorial elections for all districts were in 2019.

Quick Facts All 109 seats in the Senate of Nigeria 55 seats needed for a majority, Majority party ...

Other federal elections, including the elections to the House of Representatives and the presidential election, were also held on the same date while state elections was held two weeks afterwards on 11 March. The winners of these Senate elections will serve beginning in the 10th Nigerian National Assembly. The APC have held a majority in the Senate since the 2015 elections and solidified that majority in 2019.

As of May 2023, the APC had retained its 59 seats, while the PDP had lost 3 for a total of 37. The Labour Party won seats in its own name for the first time, taking 7 mandates, while smaller parties, such as the NNPP and Social Democratic Party, took a total of 5. One seat has not yet been called.

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Background

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After the 2015–2019 Senate term led by President of the Senate Bukola Saraki (Peoples Democratic Party) and with a slight All Progressives Congress majority, the 2019 elections were categorized by a large shift back towards the APC and the defeats of multiple high-profile senators—including Saraki. As in the House of Representatives, the APC solidified its majority after nearly losing it due to defections in 2018.

At the opening of the 9th Nigeria National Assembly, Ahmad Lawan (APC-Yobe North) was elected as Senate President and Ovie Omo-Agege (APC-Delta Central) became Deputy Senate President as the party avoided the internal struggles that led Saraki and Ike Ekweremadu to take those offices in 2015. Enyinnaya Abaribe (PDP-Abia South) became the Senate Minority Leader.[3][4] During the first two years of the 2019–2023 term, the APC expanded its majority through the defections of six formerly PDP senators[note 2] but in the second half of the term, both parties were hit by several defections[note 3] as party primaries for 2023 neared along with three APC resignations.[note 4] More defections occurred in the wake of party primaries as senators decamped to new parties (mainly in order to run for re-election),[note 5] most notably Abaribe who resigned as Minority Leader and joined APGA to run for re-election after withdrawing from the Abia PDP gubernatorial primary.

From the perspective of the APC, analysts viewed the 9th Senate as a change from the legislature versus executive disputes that were commonplace during the 8th Senate but critics derided the chamber as a rubber stamp that lacked the initiative to advocate for itself against the executive branch.[5] In terms of specific major bills, the Senate was noted for passing the Sexual Harassment Bill in July 2020, the Finance Bill 2020 in December 2020, the Petroleum Industry Bill in July 2021, a new Electoral Act in January 2022, dozens of constitutional amendments and the Proceeds of Crime Bill in March 2022, and an Electoral Act amendment in May 2022 as well as being commended for rejecting former Buhari aide Lauretta Onochie's nomination to INEC.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] On the other hand, it was criticized for voting down constitutional amendments for mandating women slots in legislatures and diaspora voting along with the continuous stalling of a key gender equality bill and rampant misappropriation of public funds.[14][15][16][17][18] The senate was also accused of dereliction of oversight duty after several ministerial nominees were either barely questioned or asked to "take a bow" and go without questioning at confirmation hearings.[19][20][21]

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Retirements

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In total, 31 senators—including 17 APC senators, one NNPP senator, 12 PDP senators, and one YPP senator—decided to retire, 22 of whom are seeking another office.

  1. Abia Central: Theodore Orji (PDP) retired.[22]
  2. Adamawa Central: Aishatu Dahiru Ahmed (APC) retired to run for governor of Adamawa State.[23]
  3. Akwa Ibom North-East: Bassey Albert Akpan (YPP) retired to run for governor of Akwa Ibom State.[24]
  4. Akwa Ibom North-West: Chris Ekpenyong (PDP) retired.
  5. Akwa Ibom South: Akon Eyakenyi (PDP) retired.
  6. Bauchi Central: Halliru Dauda Jika (NNPP) retired to run for governor of Bauchi State.
  7. Benue North-West: Emmanuel Yisa Orker-Jev (PDP) retired.
  8. Cross River Central: Sandy Ojang Onor (PDP) retired to run for governor of Cross River State.[25]
  9. Cross River South: Gershom Bassey (PDP) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Cross River State.[25]
  10. Delta Central: Ovie Omo-Agege (APC) retired to run for governor of Delta State.[26]
  11. Delta South: James Manager (PDP) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Delta State.[27]
  12. Ebonyi Central: Joseph Ogba (PDP) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Ebonyi State.[28]
  13. Enugu North: Utazi Chukwuka (PDP) retired.[29]
  14. Enugu West: Ike Ekweremadu (PDP) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Enugu State.[30]
  15. Imo West: Rochas Okorocha (APC) retired to unsuccessfully run for president.[31]
  16. Jigawa North-East: Ibrahim Hassan Hadejia (APC) is retired unsuccessfully run for governor of Jigawa State.
  17. Kaduna Central: Uba Sani (APC) retired to run for governor of Kaduna State.[32]
  18. Kogi Central: Yakubu Oseni (APC) retired.
  19. Lagos Central: Oluremi Tinubu (APC) retired.
  20. Lagos West: Solomon Olamilekan Adeola (APC) retired to run for senator for Ogun West.[33]
  21. Ogun Central: Ibikunle Amosun (APC) retired to unsuccessfully run for president.[34]
  22. Ondo North: Robert Ajayi Boroffice (APC) retired to unsuccessfully run for president.[35]
  23. Oyo Central: Teslim Folarin (APC) retired to run for governor of Oyo State.[36]
  24. Plateau Central: Hezekiah Ayuba Dimka (APC) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Plateau State.[37]
  25. Rivers East: Betty Apiafi (PDP) retired.
  26. Rivers East: George Thompson Sekibo (PDP) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Rivers State.[38]
  27. Sokoto East: Abdullahi Ibrahim Gobir (APC) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Sokoto State.
  28. Taraba Central: Yusuf Abubakar Yusuf (APC) retired to unsuccessfully run for governor of Taraba State.
  29. Taraba South: Emmanuel Bwacha (APC) retired to run for governor of Taraba State.
  30. Yobe North: Ahmad Lawan (APC) is retired to unsuccessfully run for president.[note 6]
  1. Zamfara West: Lawali Hassan Anka (APC) retired.
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Resignations

Three seats will be vacant on the day of the election due to resignations, none of which will be filled until the next Senate.

  1. Borno North: Abubakar Kyari (APC) resigned on 12 April 2022 to become APC Deputy National Chairman (North).[41]
  2. Nasarawa West: Abdullahi Adamu (APC) resigned on 12 April 2022 to become APC National Chairman.[41]
  3. Zamfara Central: Hassan Nasiha (APC) resigned on 23 February 2022 to become Deputy Governor of Zamfara State.[42]

Incumbents withdrew

From primary elections

Six incumbents withdrew from primary elections. However, three of the senators later decamped from their original party and won the nomination of their new party.

  1. Edo North: Francis Alimikhena (then-APC) withdrew from the primary election. However, Alimikhena defected to the PDP and became its (disputed) senatorial nominee.
  2. Jigawa North-West: Danladi Abdullahi Sankara (APC) withdrew from the primary election.
  3. Kebbi Central: Adamu Aliero (then-APC) withdrew from the primary election. However, Aliero defected to the PDP and became its (disputed) senatorial nominee.
  4. Nasarawa North: Godiya Akwashiki (then-APC) withdrew from the primary election. However, Akwashiki defected to the SDP and became its senatorial nominee.
  5. Ogun East: Ramoni Olalekan Mustapha (APC) withdrew from the primary election.[43]
  6. Plateau South: Nora Daduut withdrew from the primary election.[44]

From nomination

One incumbent withdrew from their nomination.

  1. Borno Central: Kashim Shettima (APC) won renomination but withdrew from the nomination to become the APC nominee for vice president.
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Incumbents defeated

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In primary elections

20 incumbents (12 APC senators and 8 PDP senators) lost in primary elections. After the primary elections, three of the senators (2 APC senators and 1 PDP senator) defected to new parties with two of the senators (one each in the APC and PDP) then winning the nomination of the new party.

  1. Bauchi North: Adamu Muhammad Bulkachuwa (APC) lost renomination to Siraj Ibrahim Tanko Muhammad. Bulkachuwa later defected to the PDP.
  2. Bauchi South: Lawal Yahaya Gumau (then-APC) lost renomination to Shehu Buba Umar. However, Gumau later defected to the NNPP and became its senatorial nominee.
  3. Bayelsa Central: Moses Cleopas (PDP) lost renomination to Konbowei Benson.
  4. Edo South: Matthew Urhoghide (PDP) lost renomination to Matthew Iduoriyekemwen.
  5. Ekiti North: Olubunmi Ayodeji Adetunmbi (APC) lost renomination to Cyril Fasuyi.
  6. Gombe South: Amos Bulus Kilawangs (APC) lost renomination to Joshua M. Lidani.
  7. Imo East: Ezenwa Francis Onyewuchi (then-PDP) lost renomination to Uche Onyegucha. However, Onyewuchi later defected to the LP and became its senatorial nominee.
  8. Imo North: Chukwuma Frank Ibezim (APC) lost renomination to Patrick Ndubueze.
  9. Kaduna South: Danjuma Laah (PDP) lost renomination to Sunday Marshall Katunɡ.
  10. Katsina Central: Kabir Abdullahi Barkiya (APC) lost renomination to Abdul'aziz Musa Yar'adua.
  11. Katsina South: Bello Mandiya (APC) lost renomination to Mohammed Muntari Dandutse.
  12. Kogi West: Smart Adeyemi (APC) lost renomination to Sunday Karimi.
  13. Kwara Central: Ibrahim Yahaya Oloriegbe (APC) lost renomination to Saliu Mustapha.
  14. Niger North: Aliyu Sabi Abdullahi (APC) lost renomination to Abubakar Sani Bello.
  15. Ogun West: Tolu Odebiyi (APC) lost renomination to Solomon Olamilekan Adeola.
  16. Ondo Central: Patrick Ayo Akinyelure (PDP) lost renomination to Ifedayo Adedipe.
  17. Ondo South: Nicholas Tofowomo (PDP) lost renomination to Agboola Ajayi.
  18. Osun West: Adelere Adeyemi Oriolowo (APC) lost renomination to Raheem Amidu Tadese.
  19. Oyo South: Mohammed Kola Balogun (APC) lost nomination to Sharafadeen Alli.
  20. Plateau North: Istifanus Gyang (PDP) lost renomination to Simon Mwadkwon.

In general elections

Twenty-one incumbents (10 APC senators, one NNPP senator, and 10 PDP senators) lost in general elections.

  1. Anambra Central: Uche Ekwunife (PDP) lost re-election to Victor Umeh (LP).
  2. Anambra North: Stella Oduah (PDP) lost re-election to Tony Nwoye (LP).
  3. Bauchi South: Lawal Yahaya Gumau (NNPP) lost re-election to Shehu Buba Umar (APC).
  4. Bayelsa East: Biobarakuma Degi (APC) lost re-election to Benson Agadaga (PDP).
  5. Benue North-East: Gabriel Suswam (PDP) lost re-election to Emmanuel Memga Udende (APC).
  6. Delta North: Peter Nwaoboshi (APC) lost re-election to Ned Nwoko (PDP).
  7. Ebonyi North: Sam Egwu (PDP) lost re-election to Onyekachi Nwaebonyi (APC).
  8. Ebonyi South: Michael Ama Nnachi (PDP) lost re-election to Dave Umahi (APC).
  9. Edo Central: Clifford Ordia (PDP) lost re-election to Monday Okpebholo (APC).
  10. Edo North: Francis Alimikhena (PDP) lost re-election to Adams Oshiomhole (APC).
  11. Ekiti South: Abiodun Olujimi (PDP) lost re-election to Raphael Adeyemi Adaramodu (APC).
  12. Federal Capital Territory: Philips Tanimu Aduda (PDP) lost re-election to Ireti Kingibe (LP).
  13. Gombe North: Sa'idu Ahmed Alkali (APC) lost re-election to Ibrahim Hassan Dankwambo (PDP).
  14. Jigawa South-West: Mohammed Sabo Nakudu (APC) lost re-election to Mustapha Khabeeb (PDP).
  15. Kaduna North: Suleiman Abdu Kwari (APC) lost re-election to Khalid Mustapha (PDP).
  16. Kano South: Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya (APC) lost re-election to Suleiman Abdurrahman Kawu Sumaila (NNPP).
  17. Katsina North: Ahmad Babba Kaita (PDP) lost re-election to Nasiru Sani Zangon Daura (APC).
  18. Kebbi South: Bala Ibn Na'allah (APC) lost re-election to Garba Musa Maidoki (PDP).
  19. Nasarawa South: Umaru Tanko Al-Makura (APC) lost re-election to Mohammed Ogoshi Onawo (PDP).
  20. Niger South: Muhammad Bima Enagi (APC) lost re-election to Peter Ndalikali Jiya (PDP).
  21. Osun Central: Ajibola Basiru (APC) lost re-election to Olubiyi Fadeyi (PDP).
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Results

National

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Summary

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Principal officers' races

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Timeline

Changes

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Abia State

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     APC incumbent running
     APGA incumbent running
     PDP incumbent retiring
More information District, Incumbent ...
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Adamawa State

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     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Akwa Ibom State

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     PDP incumbent retiring
     YPP incumbent retiring
More information District, Incumbent ...
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Anambra State

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     PDP incumbent running
     YPP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...
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Bauchi State

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     NNPP incumbent retiring
     NNPP incumbent running
     PDP incumbent retiring or lost renomination
More information District, Incumbent ...

Bayelsa State

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     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent lost renomination
     PDP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Benue State

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     PDP incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Borno State

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     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
     Vacant
More information District, Incumbent ...

Cross River State

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     PDP incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Delta State

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     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent retiring
More information District, Incumbent ...

Ebonyi State

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     PDP incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Edo State

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     PDP incumbent status unknown or lost renomination
     PDP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Ekiti State

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     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Enugu State

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     PDP incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Federal Capital Territory

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     PDP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Gombe State

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     APC incumbent lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Imo State

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     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     LP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Jigawa State

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     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Kaduna State

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     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent lost renomination
More information District, Incumbent ...

Kano State

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     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent status unknown
More information District, Incumbent ...

Katsina State

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     APC incumbent lost renomination
     PDP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Kebbi State

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     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent status unknown
More information District, Incumbent ...

Kogi State

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     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Kwara State

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     APC incumbent lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Lagos State

     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Nasarawa State

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     APC incumbent running
     SDP incumbent running
     Vacant
More information District, Incumbent ...

Niger State

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     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Ogun State

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     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
More information District, Incumbent ...

Ondo State

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     APC incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent lost renomination
More information District, Incumbent ...

Osun State

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     APC incumbent lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
     PDP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Oyo State

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     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Plateau State

Summarize
Perspective
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     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     PDP incumbent retiring or lost renomination
More information District, Incumbent ...

Rivers State

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     PDP incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Sokoto State

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     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Taraba State

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     APC incumbent retiring
     PDP incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Yobe State

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     APC incumbent retiring or lost renomination
     APC incumbent running
More information District, Incumbent ...

Zamfara State

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     APC incumbent retiring
     APC incumbent running
     Vacant
More information District, Incumbent ...

Notes

  1. Due to disruptions—mainly violence or technical issues—on Election Day, INEC either postponed or extended voting to 26 or 27 February in certain affected areas. Additionally, the election for Enugu East was postponed to 11 March due to the death of LP nominee Oyibo Chukwu.
  2. Although Lawan initially opted to run for President instead of seeking re-election, he attempted to gain the senatorial nomination after losing the APC presidential primary. His attempt, using a sudden rerun primary that nominated him, was deemed illegal in a Federal High Court ruling as the original nominee—Bashir Sheriff Machina—had not withdrawn from the nomination.[39] The ruling was then upheld by a Court of Appeal judgment in late November 2022.[40]
  3. The 2019 election in Akwa Ibom North-West was partially voided with its supplementary election called for a date in 2020 leaving the seat vacant in 2019.
  4. Although Lawan initially opted to run for President instead of seeking re-election, he attempted to gain the senatorial nomination after losing the APC presidential primary. His attempt, using a sudden rerun primary that nominated him, was deemed illegal in a Federal High Court ruling as the original nominee—Bashir Sheriff Machina—had not withdrawn from the nomination.[39] The ruling was then upheld by a Court of Appeal judgment in late November 2022.[40] At the Supreme court, the judgements of the lower courts were over turned on the basis of improper procedure for the initial suit at the Federal High Court. The majority ruling held that an originating summons was inappropriate for the case, two judges were in dissent.[49][50]
  5. The PDP's Stephen Odey and Agom Jarigbe fought in court over the by-election's PDP nomination; Odey won both initial court decisions and the by-election before taking office late in December 2020. However, Jarigbe later won several court challenges which declared him the legitimate PDP nominee and thus Senator. Jarigbe took office in September 2021.
  6. This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to APGA during their term.
  7. This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.
  8. This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the YPP during their term.
  9. This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC then back to the PDP during their term.
  10. This House member was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the NNPP during their term.
  11. This senator was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the PDP during their term.
  12. Senator defection
  13. This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.
  14. This senator was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the PDP during their term.
  15. Senator defected to new party after withdrawing from or losing their former party's primary.
  16. This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the LP during their term.
  17. Senator defected to new party after withdrawing from or losing their former party's primary.
  18. This House member was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the NNPP then to the PDP during their term.
  19. Shekarau defected from the NNPP to the PDP in August 2022, but he did not formally relinquish the NNPP senatorial nomination and remained listed as the NNPP nominee by INEC. Although the NNPP nominated a replacement—Rufai Sani Hanga, litigation between Sani Hanga and Shekarau dragged past Election Day meaning Shekarau was initially re-elected with the NNPP nomination.[182] However, a Supreme Court decision on 10 March awarded the nomination to Sani Hanga, making him senator-elect.
  20. This senator was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the PDP during their term.
  21. This senator was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the PDP during their term.
  22. Senator defected to new party after withdrawing from or losing their former party's primary.
  23. This senator was elected as a member of the APC but switched to the PDP during their term.
  24. This senator was elected as a member of the APC but switched to SDP during their term.
  25. Senator defected to new party after withdrawing from or losing their former party's primary.
  26. This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.
  27. This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.
  28. This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.
  29. This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.
  30. This senator was elected as a member of the PDP but switched to the APC during their term.

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