27 BC

Year 27 BC was either a common year starting on Sunday, Monday or Tuesday or a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar (the sources differ, see leap year error for further information) and a common year starting on Sunday of the Proleptic Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Second Consulship of Octavian and Agrippa (or, less frequently, year 727 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 27 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

27 BC in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	27 BC XXVII BC
Ab urbe condita	727
Ancient Greek Olympiad (summer)	188th Olympiad, year 2
Assyrian calendar	4724
Balinese saka calendar	N/A
Bengali calendar	−620 – −619
Berber calendar	924
Buddhist calendar	518
Burmese calendar	−664
Byzantine calendar	5482–5483
Chinese calendar	癸巳年 (Water Snake) 2671 or 2464     — to — 甲午年 (Wood Horse) 2672 or 2465
Coptic calendar	−310 – −309
Discordian calendar	1140
Ethiopian calendar	−34 – −33
Hebrew calendar	3734–3735
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	30–31
- Shaka Samvat	N/A
- Kali Yuga	3074–3075
Holocene calendar	9974
Iranian calendar	648 BP – 647 BP
Islamic calendar	668 BH – 667 BH
Javanese calendar	N/A
Julian calendar	27 BC XXVII BC
Korean calendar	2307
Minguo calendar	1938 before ROC 民前1938年
Nanakshahi calendar	−1494
Seleucid era	285/286 AG
Thai solar calendar	516–517
Tibetan calendar	ཆུ་མོ་སྦྲུལ་ལོ་ (female Water-Snake) 100 or −281 or −1053     — to — ཤིང་ཕོ་རྟ་ལོ་ (male Wood-Horse) 101 or −280 or −1052

Imperator Caesar Augustus

Events

By place

Roman Republic/Empire

• Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian becomes Roman Consul for the seventh time. His partner Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa becomes Consul for the third time.
• January 16 – Octavian formally returns full power to the Senate; they give him the titles of Princeps and Augustus. He accepts this honor, having declined the alternative title of Romulus,^[1] thus becoming first Roman emperor.
• Caesar Augustus starts a new military reform. He reduces the number of legions to 26 and creates the Praetorian Guard (1,000 men).
• Augustus forms the Classis Misenensis, based in the harbor of Portus Julius at Misenum.
• Agrippa divides Hispania Ulterior into Baetica and Lusitania, and enlarges Hispania Citerior.
• Northern statue of the Colossi of Memnon is shattered by an earthquake in Egypt (according to Strabo).
• Marcus Agrippa begins the construction of the old Pantheon, Rome.
• Augustus' first census of the Roman Empire (formerly the Roman Republic) reports a total of 4,063,000 citizens.^[2]

Births

• Ai of Han, Chinese emperor of the Han Dynasty (d. 1 BC)

Deaths

• Marcus Terentius Varro, Roman scholar and writer (b. 116 BC)^[3]