3782 Celle

3782 Celle, provisional designation 1986 TE, is a bright Vestian asteroid and asynchronous binary system from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 6.5 kilometers (4 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 3 October 1986, by Danish astronomer Poul Jensen at the Brorfelde Observatory in Denmark and named after the German city of Celle.^[1] The V-type asteroid has a rotation period of 3.84 hours.^[3] The discovery of its 2.3-kilometer minor-planet moon was announced in 2003.^[5][6]

3782 Celle

Discovery[1]
Discovered by	P. Jensen
Discovery site	Brorfelde Obs.
Discovery date	3 October 1986
Designations
MPC designation	(3782) Celle
Named after	Celle (German city)[1]
Alternative designations	1986 TE · 1970 HD 1972 YP · 1973 AV 1978 NH2 · 1982 OB 1985 GR1
Minor planet category	main-belt[1][2] · (inner) Vesta[3][4]
Orbital characteristics[2]
Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc	47.74 yr (17,437 d)
Aphelion	2.6414 AU
Perihelion	2.1888 AU
Semi-major axis	2.4151 AU
Eccentricity	0.0937
Orbital period (sidereal)	3.75 yr (1,371 d)
Mean anomaly	247.56°
Mean motion	0° 15m 45.36s / day
Inclination	5.2493°
Longitude of ascending node	271.35°
Argument of perihelion	334.33°
Known satellites	1 (D: 2.34 km; P:36.57 h)[5][6]
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	5.924±0.230 km[7][8] 6.35 km (calculated)[3] 6.50±0.49 km[9] 6.6±0.7 km[10]
Mean density	2.2±0.4 g/cm3 (binary)[11]
Synodic rotation period	3.8389±0.0007 h[12] 3.840±0.001 h[13] 3.840±0.0012 h[14] 3.84 h[11] 3.84 h[6]
Geometric albedo	0.232±0.09[10] 0.418±0.072[9] 0.4 (assumed)[3] 0.5033±0.0778[8]
Spectral type	SMASS = V[2][3] · V[15] V–I = 0.880±0.050[10]
Absolute magnitude (H)	12.50[8][9] 12.537±0.003 (R)[14] 12.6[2][3] 13.12±0.12[10] 13.15±1.41[15]

Orbit and classification

Celle is a core member of the Vesta family (401), one of the largest families in main belt.^[3][4] Vestian asteroids have a composition akin to cumulate eucrites (HED meteorites) and are thought to have originated deep within 4 Vesta's crust, possibly from the Rheasilvia crater, a large impact crater on its southern hemisphere near the South pole, formed as a result of a subcatastrophic collision. Vesta is the main belt's second-largest and second-most-massive body after Ceres.^[16][17]

Celle orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 2.2–2.6 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,371 days; semi-major axis of 2.42 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.^[2] The body's observation arc begins with its first observations as 1970 HD at Crimea–Nauchnij in April 1970, about 16 years prior to its official discovery observation at Brorfelde.^[1]

Physical characteristics

Celle is a bright V-type asteroid in the SMASS classification and according to the characterization made by the Pan-STARRS survey.^[2][3][15] This is also in line with the overall spectral type determined for Vestian asteroids.^[16]: 23

Rotation period

Several rotational lightcurves of Celle have been obtained from photometric observations since 2001.^{[6][12][13][14][11]} Analysis of the best-rated lightcurves gave a rotation period of 3.84 hours with a brightness amplitude between 0.11 and 0.17 magnitude (U=2/3-/3/3).^[3]

Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Celle measures between 5.924 and 6.6 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.232 and 0.5033.^{[7][8][9][10]}

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a high albedo of 0.4 and calculates a diameter of 6.35 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.6.^[3]

Satellite

Between September 2001, and February 2003, photometric observations of Celle were obtained with the 1.8-meter Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope on Mount Graham, Arizona, by American astronomers William Ryan at New Mexico Tech and NMHU in collaboration with Carlos Martinez and Lacey Stewart as part of a larger survey.^[6]

The mutual occultation events revealed that Celle is an asynchronous binary asteroid with a minor-planet moon orbiting it every 36.57 hours (1.52 days) at an average distance of 18±1 km. The discovery was announced on 3 May 2003.^[6] The satellite measures approximately 2.34±0.11 km or 43% the size of its primary. A combined bulk density of 2.2±0.4 g/cm³ was modeled for the likely basaltic bodies.^[5][11]

Naming

This minor planet was named after the German city of Celle on the occasion of its 700th anniversary. Celle is twinned with the Danish town of Holbæk, where the discovering Brorfelde Observatory is located.^[1] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 18 February 1992 (M.P.C. 19693).^[18]