PRO-LAD

PRO-LAD, or PROLAD, also known as 6-propyl-6-nor-LSD, is a psychedelic drug of the lysergamide family related to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD).^[1][3] It is taken orally.^[1]

PRO-LAD

Clinical data
Other names	PROLAD; 6-Propyl-6-nor-LSD; 6-Propyl-nor-LSD; 6-Propyl-6-norlysergic acid diethylamide; N,N-Diethyl-6-propyl-9,10-didehydroergoline-8β-carboxamide
Routes of administration	Oral[1]
Drug class	Serotonin receptor modulator; Serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist; Serotonergic psychedelic; Hallucinogen
Legal status
Legal status	DE: NpSG (Industrial and scientific use only) UK: Under Psychoactive Substances Act US: Analogue to a Schedule I/II drug but only if it is intended for human consumption Illegal in France[2]
Pharmacokinetic data
Onset of action	≤15 minutes[1]
Duration of action	6–8 hours[1]
Identifiers
IUPAC name (6aR,9R)-N,N-diethyl-7-propyl-6,6a,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-indolo[4,3-fg]quinoline-9-carboxamide
CAS Number	65527-63-1 Y
PubChem CID	44457803
ChemSpider	21106361 Y
UNII	RVR83W9XMC
ChEMBL	ChEMBL22258 Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID50215824
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C22H29N3O
Molar mass	351.494 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES CCN(CC)C(=O)[C@@H]2C=C1c3cccc4[nH]cc(C[C@H]1N(C2)CCC)c34
InChI InChI=1S/C22H29N3O/c1-4-10-25-14-16(22(26)24(5-2)6-3)11-18-17-8-7-9-19-21(17)15(13-23-19)12-20(18)25/h7-9,11,13,16,20,23H,4-6,10,12,14H2,1-3H3/t16-,20-/m1/s1 Y Key:HZKYLVLOBYNKKM-OXQOHEQNSA-N Y
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Use and effects

According to Alexander Shulgin in his book TiHKAL (Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved) and other publications, PRO-LAD has a dose range of 100 to 200 μg or 80 to 175 μg orally and a duration of 6 to 8 hours.^[1][4][5][6] The onset is within 15 minutes.^[1] It has around the same potency as LSD, which has a listed dose range of 50 to 200 μg.^[1][4][5] On the other hand, PRO-LAD has a shorter duration than LSD, which has a listed duration of 8 to 12 hours.^[1][7]

The effects of PRO-LAD have been reported to include a lack of visuals and other psychedelic effects at lower doses, considerable visuals at higher doses, fantasy, synesthesia, clear thinking, lack of "cosmic-type" thinking, humor, pleasantness, dulled emotions, uncomfortableness, paranoia, and lightheadedness.^[1] It has been described as having having relatively light or moderate effects.^[1] In addition, it is said to "not have any of the flavor of LSD", to be less visual than LSD, and to be "not up to LSD", if that is one's standard, as it is "basically not like LSD".^[1][8]

Interactions

See also: Psychedelic drug § Interactions, and Trip killer § Serotonergic psychedelic antidotes

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

PRO-LAD shows affinity for serotonin receptors, including for the serotonin 5-HT_1A, 5-HT_2A, and 5-HT_2C receptors.^{[9][10][11][6]} It acts as a partial agonist of the serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor similarly to LSD.^[10]

The drug fully substitutes for LSD in rodent drug discrimination tests and with about the same or slightly greater potency than LSD itself.^{[9][6][3][11][12]} On the other hand, it was about 2- to 3-fold less potent than ETH-LAD or AL-LAD.^{[9][6][3][11][12]}

Chemistry

Analogues

Analogues of PRO-LAD include LSD, ETH-LAD, IP-LAD, AL-LAD, BU-LAD, MAL-LAD, PARGY-LAD, CYP-LAD, FLUORETH-LAD, and FP-LAD, among others.^[1][4][5][9]

History

PRO-LAD was first described in the scientific literature by Tetsukichi Niwaguchi and colleagues in 1976.^[13] Subsequently, it was studied and described by Andrew J. Hoffman and David E. Nichols in 1985.^[12] The hallucinogenic effects of PRO-LAD in humans were first described by Nichols in a literature review via personal communication with Alexander Shulgin in 1986.^[8] The drug was later described in greater detail by Shulgin in his 1997 book TiHKAL (Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved).^[1] PRO-LAD is said to have been encountered as a novel designer drug by 2015.^[14][15]

Society and culture

Legal status

Switzerland

PRO-LAD is illegal in Switzerland as of December 2015.^[16]

United Kingdom

On June 10, 2014, the United Kingdom Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) recommended that PRO-LAD be specifically named in the UK Misuse of Drugs Act as a class A drug despite not identifying it as ever having been sold or any harm associated with its use.^[17] The UK Home office accepted this advice and announced a ban of the substance to be enacted on 6 January 2015 as part of The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) (No. 2) Order 2014.

See also

• Substituted lysergamide