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8 Flora
Large main-belt asteroid From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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8 Flora is a large, bright main-belt asteroid. It is the innermost large asteroid: no asteroid closer to the Sun has a diameter above 25 kilometers (20% that of Flora), and not until 20-km 149 Medusa was discovered was an asteroid known to orbit at a closer mean distance.[8] It is the seventh-brightest asteroid with a mean opposition magnitude of +8.7.[9] Flora can reach a magnitude of +8.1 at a favorable opposition near perihelion, such as occurred in November 2020 when it was 0.88 AU (132 million km; 340 LD) from Earth.[10]
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Discovery and naming
Flora was discovered by J. R. Hind on 18 October 1847. It was his second asteroid discovery after 7 Iris.[citation needed]
The name Flora was proposed by John Herschel, from Flora, the Latin goddess of flowers and gardens, wife of Zephyrus (the personification of the West wind), and mother of Spring. The Greek equivalent is Chloris, who has her own asteroid, 410 Chloris, but in Greek 8 Flora is also called 8 Chloris (8 Χλωρίς).[citation needed]
The old iconic symbol for 8 Flora has been variously rendered as .svg){kind=small}
, .svg){kind=small}
, etc. It is in the pipeline for Unicode 17.0 as U+1CEC2 ().[11][12]
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Characteristics
Lightcurve analysis indicates that Flora's pole points towards ecliptic coordinates (β, λ) = (16°, 160°) with a 10° uncertainty.[5] This gives an axial tilt of 78°, plus or minus ten degrees.
Flora is the parent body of the Flora family of asteroids, and by far the largest member, comprising about 80% of the total mass of this family. Nevertheless, Flora was almost certainly disrupted by the impact(s) that formed the family, and is probably a gravitational aggregate of most of the pieces.[citation needed]
Flora's spectrum indicates that its surface composition is a mixture of silicate rock (including pyroxene and olivine) and nickel-iron metal. Flora, and the whole Flora family generally, are good candidates for being the parent bodies of the L chondrite meteorites.[13] This meteorite type comprises 35% of meteorites impacting the Earth.[14]
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Observational history
During an observation on 25 March 1917, 8 Flora was mistaken for the 15th-magnitude star TU Leonis, which led to that star's classification as a U Geminorum cataclysmic variable star.[15] Flora had come to opposition on 1917 February 13, 40 days earlier.[15] This mistake was uncovered only in 1995.[15][16]
On 26 July 2013, Flora at magnitude 8.8 occulted the star 2UCAC 22807162 over parts of South America, Africa, and Asia.[17]
Notes
- Flattening derived from the maximum aspect ratio (c/a): , where (c/a) = 0.82±0.05.[3]
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References
External links
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