1701 - Wikiwand

1701 (MDCCI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1701st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 701st year of the 2nd millennium, the 1st year of the 18th century, and the 2nd year of the 1700s decade. As of the start of 1701, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Quick Facts

1701 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1701 MDCCI
Ab urbe condita	2454
Armenian calendar	1150 ԹՎ ՌՃԾ
Assyrian calendar	6451
Balinese saka calendar	1622–1623
Bengali calendar	1107–1108
Berber calendar	2651
English Regnal year	13 Will. 3 – 14 Will. 3
Buddhist calendar	2245
Burmese calendar	1063
Byzantine calendar	7209–7210
Chinese calendar	庚辰年 (Metal Dragon) 4398 or 4191 — to — 辛巳年 (Metal Snake) 4399 or 4192
Coptic calendar	1417–1418
Discordian calendar	2867
Ethiopian calendar	1693–1694
Hebrew calendar	5461–5462
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1757–1758
- Shaka Samvat	1622–1623
- Kali Yuga	4801–4802
Holocene calendar	11701
Igbo calendar	701–702
Iranian calendar	1079–1080
Islamic calendar	1112–1113
Japanese calendar	Genroku 14 (元禄１４年)
Javanese calendar	1624–1625
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar	4034
Minguo calendar	211 before ROC 民前211年
Nanakshahi calendar	233
Thai solar calendar	2243–2244
Tibetan calendar	ལྕགས་ཕོ་འབྲུག་ལོ་ (male Iron-Dragon) 1827 or 1446 or 674 — to — ལྕགས་མོ་སྦྲུལ་ལོ་ (female Iron-Snake) 1828 or 1447 or 675

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In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Tuesday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar.

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Events

January 18 – The electorate of Brandenburg-Prussia becomes the Kingdom of Prussia, as Elector Frederick III is proclaimed King Frederick I. Prussia remains part of the Holy Roman Empire. It consists of Brandenburg, Pomerania and East Prussia. Berlin is the capital.^[1]
January 28 – Battle of Dartsedo: The Chinese storm the Tibetan border town of Dartsedo.
February 17 (February 6, 1700 O.S.) – The 5th Parliament of William III in England assembles. Future British Prime Minister Robert Walpole enters the House of Commons for the first time and soon makes his name as a spokesman for Whig policy.
April 20th – Mecklenburg-Strelitz is created as a north German duchy.
June 9 – Safavid troops retreat from Basra, ending a three year occupation.^[2]

April 21 – In Japan, the young daimyō Asano Naganori is ordered to commit seppuku (ritual suicide). A group of 47 samurai of his service begin planning to avenge his death.
May 23 – Scottish-born Captain William Kidd, having been imprisoned in Boston Gaol (Massachusetts) and Newgate Prison (London) and convicted by the High Court of Admiralty of piracy and the murder of one of his crew, is hanged at Execution Dock in Wapping (London).^[3] His body suffers gibbeting over the River Thames at Tilbury Point; ballads are already spreading the legend that he has left buried treasure in the Americas.^[4]
June 24 – The Act of Settlement 1701 is passed by the Parliament of England, to exclude the Catholic Stuarts from the British monarchy. Under its terms, King William III, childless, will be succeeded by Queen Mary II's sister Princess Anne and her descendants. If Anne should have no descendants, she will be succeeded by Sophia of Hanover and her descendants (hence the Hanoverian Succession in 1714).

July 9 – The Battle of Carpi, the first skirmish in the War of the Spanish Succession, takes place in Italy when French troops under the command of Nicolas Catinat are attacked by Austrian forces led by Prince Eugene of Savoy.^[5]
July 19 – Crossing of the Düna: Following his victories over Denmark-Norway and Russia in 1700, Charles XII of Sweden escalates the conflict in the Great Northern War by an invasion of Poland. The Swedish defeat the army of Saxony (then in personal union with Poland) at the River Dvina.

July 24 – A French emporium named Fort Ponchartrain is founded along the west side of the Detroit River in North America, and later becomes the site of the city of Detroit.
August 4 – The Great Peace of Montreal is signed, ending 100 years of war between the Iroquois Confederacy and New France, and its Huron and Algonquian allies. Formerly allied with the English, the treaty assures the Iroquois will be neutral, if France and England ever resume hostilities.
September 16 – Deposed King James II of England (James VII of Scotland) dies in exile, at the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye in France. His supporters, the Jacobites, turn to his son James Francis Edward Stuart (later called "The Old Pretender"), whom they recognise as James VIII and III. Louis XIV of France, the Papal States and Spain also recognise him as the rightful heir.^[6]

October 9 – The Collegiate School of Connecticut (later renamed Yale University) is chartered in Old Saybrook, Connecticut.
November 2 – King Philip V of Spain marries for the first time, to 13-year-old Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy, who serves as Queen Consort until her death from tuberculosis at the age of 25.
November 11 (O.S., November 22 N.S.) – The House of Commons of England is dissolved by King William III and new elections are called for all 531 seats.^[7]
December 29 (O.S., January 9, 1702 N.S.) – The Battle of Erastfer takes place near what becomes Erastvere in Estonia, as a large Russian force commanded by Boris Sheremetev invades Swedish Livonia and overwhelms a smaller force led by Wolmar Anton von Schlippenbach in the first significant Russian victory in the Great Northern War.

English agriculturalist Jethro Tull invents a drill for planting seeds in rows.
The Philharmonic Society (Academia Philharmonicorum) is established in Ljubljana, Slovenia.

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