Adai language
Extinct Native American language From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Adai (also Adaizan, Adaizi, Adaise, Adahi, Adaes, Adees, Atayos) is an extinct Native American language that was spoken in northwestern Louisiana.
 | This article should specify the language of its non-English content, using {{langx}}, {{transliteration}} for transliterated languages, and {{IPA}} for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate ISO 639 code. Wikipedia's multilingual support templates may also be used - notably xad for Adai. (December 2024) |
| Adai | |
|---|---|
| Adaizan, Adaize | |
| Tenánat Hadéyas | |
| Native to | United States |
| Region | Louisiana |
| Ethnicity | Adai people |
| Extinct | late 19th century[1] |
| Revival | [2] |
unclassified | |
| Dialects | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | xad |
xad | |
| Glottolog | adai1235 |
| Linguasphere | 64-BCA-a |
Pre-contact distribution of Adai | |
Classification
It was once proposed that there may be a connection between Adai and the nearby Caddoan languages, but this now seems unlikely.[3]
Vocabulary
Summarize
Perspective
Adai is known only from a list of 275 words from 1804 by John Sibley.[4] The manuscript word list below has been reproduced from Grant's (1995) transcriptions.[3] (Note: Due to the poor printing in Grant (1995), the text below may not be entirely accurate and will need to be re-checked.)
Nouns
| gloss | Adai |
|---|---|
| fire | nang |
| water | holcat |
| earth | capăt |
| air | gavecăt |
| wind | solette |
| sky | ganick |
| sun | naleen |
| moon | nachavat |
| star | otat |
| light | cahachet |
| darkness | hachaoosto |
| day | nestack |
| night | arestenet |
| cold | hastalza |
| smoke | sewot |
| cloud | sowie |
| fog | sawiatto |
| rain | ganic |
| hail | hiechuck |
| ice | hăhing |
| frost | hatsuck |
| dew | helgat |
| rainbow | cochakee |
| thunder | nacotrine |
| lightning | newiche |
| yesterday | woncha |
| today | naleaton |
| tomorrow | ansteete |
| a day | nallenachus |
| a month | ponachus |
| a year | ovetsnachus |
| spring | hoasang |
| summer | weetsuck |
| autumn | hăstal neetsoock |
| winter | henawnck |
| a man | haasing |
| a woman | quaechuke |
| a boy | tallahache |
| a girl | quoatwistuck |
| a child | tallahaning |
| father | kewanick |
| mother | amanie |
| brother | gasing |
| sister | nasing |
| husband | hasekino |
| wife | quochekino |
| son | tallehennic |
| daughter | quolasinic |
| the body | stieng |
| the head | tochae |
| the hair | catatuck |
| the beard | tosocat |
| the faced | annack |
| an eye | analca |
| the nose | wecoocat |
| the cheek | ampachochuk |
| chin | teaskuck |
| lip | wacachuck |
| mouth | wacatcholak |
| tooth | awat |
| tongue | tenanat |
| ear | calat |
| neck | hautoleat |
| arm | walcat |
| wrist | sickolat |
| hand | secut |
| finger | okinsin |
| belly | noeyack |
| back | sahaocat |
| side | soleot |
| bubby | acut |
| nipple | actonè |
| thigh | otack |
| leg | ahasuck |
| foot | nocal |
| toe | notocat |
| skin | polac |
| nails | sicksapasca |
| bone | wahacut |
| blood | pchack |
| life | waaton |
| death | oeying |
| food | capisting |
| meat | kosing |
| fat | taanack |
| lean | ahcanick |
| bread | okhapin |
| Indian corn | ocasuck |
| milk | haplecut |
| egg | oalaken |
| a house | coochut |
| buffalo | haapan |
| elk | wakhanissie |
| deer | wakhine |
| bear | solang |
| wolf | akalasco |
| panther | hieanne |
| wildcat | ocashine |
| polecat | nowat |
| fox | yanostan |
| beaver | culawa |
| raccoon | angalasto |
| opossum | wasehat |
| hare | awaine |
| squirrel | onack |
| flying squirrel | paachan |
| mole | ainolack |
| a bird | washang |
| an eagle | ochuck |
| a hawk | tiang |
| owl | onack |
| turkey | owachuck |
| swan | teotoka |
| wild goose | nicknicka |
| duck | ahuck |
| turkey buzzard | aspachuack |
| raven | anak |
| crow | antocock (anlocock) |
| blackbird | tehalhuck |
| crane | cuhat |
| pigeon | anchocat |
| pheasant | newatocat |
| partridge | newan |
| mockingbird | waccocochin |
| redbird | yatochosto |
| snake | hostuck |
| lizard | annuila |
| butterfly | washep |
| fly | ganetso |
| fish | aesut |
| frog | halonloka (halontoka) |
| gold | selhack |
| silver | stawa |
| copper | holnasak |
| a stone | ekseka |
| wood | mang |
| gum | wastocha |
| a mountain | tolola |
| hill | newanah |
| valley | steluck |
| sea | aatack |
| lake | aatalkon |
| pond | holcata |
| river | yawichat |
| creek | yacuck |
| a spring | holcastalga |
| grass | hasack |
| a tree | tanack |
| pine | tanquechat |
| cedar | nooktanuck |
| sycamore | heohè |
| ash | toltenna |
| elm | napstein |
| beech | hancaptin |
| birch | caoluck |
| maple | wieack |
| oak | pantana |
| chestnut | hangan |
| hickory | tampchasuck |
| walnut | nahattonie |
| locust | nohat |
| mulberry | etalenno |
| a vine | colac |
| tobacco | hackhuck |
| joy | olaha |
| sorrow | cachtiek |
Adjectives
| gloss | Adai |
|---|---|
| white | testaga |
| black | hatona |
| green | naetsa |
| blue | ostonga |
| yellow | neetsack |
| red | pechasat |
| good | awiste |
| bad | ashawè |
| large | tocat |
| small | enechet |
| high | alonie |
| low | hatishtinet |
| broad | walack |
| narrow | cooatechuck |
| old | hansnala |
| young | tallahasin |
| new | colisco |
| hard | toosca |
| soft | yolaca |
| sweet | piscacha |
| sour | chacuck |
| bitter | yaweiling |
| hot | welchuck |
| cold | hostalga |
| dry | tollooso |
| wet | walloco |
| strong | olack |
| weak | okesack |
| pretty | alwoinie |
| ugly | chawack |
| sick | kistana |
| brave | hackhing |
| cowardly | tewani |
| wise | acknossese |
| foolish | achiskiet |
Pronouns
| gloss | Adai |
|---|---|
| I | hicatuck |
| you | innaluak |
| he | nassicon |
| she | estuck |
| they | ostachan |
| this | attack |
| that | natack |
Verbs
| gloss | Adai |
|---|---|
| to eat | okeach |
| to drink | hann |
| to sleep | nican |
| to laugh | heike |
| to cry | newaskè |
| to sing | havetoo |
| to whistle | yastoo |
| to smell | nescon |
| to hear | henaasack |
| to see | watuck |
| to speak | cocheek |
| to walk | enacoot |
| to run | hehi |
| to stand | hintoco |
| to sit | hetachelsa |
| to lie down | connie |
| to smoke a pipe | hatchhunk |
| to love | cosetan |
| to hate | hieska |
| to strike | ecanhack |
| to kill | yoeick |
| to dance | nasan |
| to jump | yestook |
| to fall | yeahtack |
| to break | cheeceek (cheereek?) |
| to bend | pasquoque |
Numerals
| gloss | Adai |
|---|---|
| 1 | nancas |
| 2 | nass |
| 3 | colle |
| 4 | tacache |
| 5 | seppacan |
| 6 | pacanancus |
| 7 | pacaness |
| 8 | pacalcon |
| 9 | sickinish |
| 10 | neusne |
| 11 | cooscosnawa |
| 12 | coawaconnos |
| 13 | coescoescola |
| 14 | coescoestacahce |
| 15 | coescoesspacanas |
| 16 | coescoespacana |
| 17 | coescoespalcol |
| 18 | coescoespaciness |
| 19 | coescoessickiness |
| 20 | neusnieanagas |
| 20 | coescoesnagas |
| 30 | coescoesnass |
| 40 | coescoescola |
| 50 | coescoestathata |
| 60 | coescoesipagan |
| 70 | coescosepanas |
| 80 | coescoeshana |
| 90 | coescoespalcola |
| 100 | coescoessikiness |
| 200 | neusnicola |
| 300 | neusnicol |
| 400 | coscosnagas |
| 500 | coscosnassa |
| 600 | coescoescolla |
| 700 | coescoestacataha |
| 800 | coescoesipacanis |
| 900 | coescoespacanis |
| 1000 | quosquospanis |
Others
| gloss | Adai |
|---|---|
| yes | cola |
| no | ieska |
Notable places language was spoken
 |
References
External links
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