List of demonyms for US states and territories

This is a list of demonyms used to designate the citizens of specific states, federal district, and territories of the United States of America. Official English-language demonyms are established by the United States Government Publishing Office (USGPO);^[1] however, many other terms are in common use.

Map of state demonyms of the United States of America colored by suffix

List

Jurisdiction	Recommended by USGPO[1]	Alternatives
		Official	Unofficial	Archaic	Non-English
Alabama	Alabamian		Alabaman[2]
Alaska	Alaskan
American Samoa			American Samoan		Samoan: Amerika Samoa
Arizona	Arizonan		Arizonian[3]		Spanish: Arizonense
Arkansas	Arkansan		Arkansasan, Arkansawyer,[4] Arkie[5]
California	Californian			Prune Picker,[6][7][8][9][10][11] Californios	Spanish: Californio, Californiano, californiana
Colorado	Coloradan			Coloradoan[12][13]
Connecticut	Connecticuter		Nutmegger [14]
Delaware	Delawarean		Blue Hen's Chicken,[15] Muskrat[15]
District of Columbia	Washingtonian
Florida	Floridian		Alligator,[16] Fly-Up-the-Creek[16]		Spanish: Floridiano, floridiana
Georgia	Georgian		Buzzard, Cracker, Goober-grabber[17]
Guam			Guamanian		Chamorro: Tåotåo Guåhån
Hawaii	Hawaii resident		Islander,[18] Kamaʻāina. The Associated Press Stylebook restricts use of "Hawaiian" to people of Native Hawaiian descent.[19]		Hawaiian: Kamaʻāina
Idaho	Idahoan
Illinois	Illinoisan		Illinoisian, Illinoian, Flatlander,[20] Sucker, Sand-hiller, Egyptian[21]
Indiana	Hoosier		Indianan (former GPO demonym replaced by Hoosier in 2016),[1] Indianian (archaic)[22]
Iowa	Iowan		Hawkeye[23]
Kansas	Kansan		Grasshopper, Jayhawker, Sunflower[24]
Kentucky	Kentuckian		Corncracker,[25] Kentuckyan
Louisiana	Louisianian		Louisianan		French: Louisianais Spanish: Luisiano, luisiana
Maine	Mainer		Down Easter or Downeaster,[26] Mainiac,[27] Yankee (rare)
Maryland	Marylander
Massachusetts	Massachusettsan	Bay Stater (official term used by state government) and Citizen of the Commonwealth (identifier used in state law)[28]	Massachusettsian,[29] Massachusite,[30][31] Masshole (derogatory[32] as an exonym; however, it can be affectionate when applied as an endonym[33])
Michigan	Michiganian		Michigander,[34] Wolverine,[35][36] Michiganite, Yooper/Troll (for residents of the Upper Peninsula and Lower Peninsula, respectively),[37] Michigoose (used specifically for female residents, as a play on "Michigander")[37]
Minnesota	Minnesotan		Minne
Mississippi	Mississippian
Missouri	Missourian		Missouran		French: Missourien Spanish: Misuriano
Montana	Montanan
Nebraska	Nebraskan		Bugeaters (fake) or Cornhuskers[38]
Nevada	Nevadan
New Hampshire	New Hampshirite		New Hampshireman or New Hampshirewoman, Granite Stater, Granite Boys[39]
New Jersey	New Jerseyan		New Jerseyite
New Mexico	New Mexican				Spanish: Neomexicano, neomexicana, Neomejicano, neomejicana[40]
New York	New Yorker		Knickerbocker[41][42]		Spanish: Neoyorquino, neoyorquina
North Carolina	North Carolinian		Tar Heel, Tar Boiler[43]		Spanish: Norcarolino, norcarolina
North Dakota	North Dakotan				Spanish: Nordakotense
Northern Mariana Islands			Mariana Islander		Chamorro: Tåotåo Mariånas
Ohio	Ohioan		Buckeye[44]	Ohian[45]
Oklahoma	Oklahoman		Okie,[46] Sooner[47]
Oregon	Oregonian
Pennsylvania	Pennsylvanian		Penn, Quaker, Pennamite[48]		Pennsylvania Dutch: Pennsylvanier[49]
Puerto Rico	Puerto Rican		Boricua[50]		Spanish: Puertorriqueño, puertorriqueña
Rhode Island	Rhode Islander		Swamp Yankee[51]
South Carolina	South Carolinian		Sandlapper[52]		Spanish: Sudcarolino, sudcarolina
South Dakota	South Dakotan				Spanish: Sudakotense
Tennessee	Tennessean		Volunteer, Butternut[53]	Big Bender
Texas	Texan		Texian (Anglo-Texan - historical),[54] Tejano (Hispano-Texan)	Texican (archaic)	Spanish: Texano, texana Spanish: Tejano, tejana
Utah	Utahn	Utahn[55]	Utahian, Utahan[citation needed]
Vermont	Vermonter		Woodchuck[56]
Virgin Islands	Virgin Islander
Virginia	Virginian
Washington	Washingtonian
West Virginia	West Virginian		Mountaineer
Wisconsin	Wisconsinite		Badger,[57] Cheesehead,[58][59] Sconnie,[60] Wisconsonian, Wisconsese
Wyoming	Wyomingite		Wyomese,[61] Wyomingian		Spanish: wyominguita[62]

See also

• Geography portal

• List of adjectival and demonymic forms of place names
• List of adjectival and demonymic forms for countries and nations
• List of adjectivals and demonyms for cities