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Agyrium
Genus of fungi From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Agyrium is a genus of saprophytic fungi in the family Agyriaceae. It probably evolved from a lichen ancestor, as it is closely related to many lichenized species of fungi.[2]
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Taxonomy
Agyrium was first proposed by Elias Magnus Fries in his 1821 work Systema Mycologicum,[3] although the name was not published validly as a type species was not indicated;[4] Fries published the name validly a year later in the second volume of the same work.[5] The species Agyrium rufum was assigned as the type by Frederic Clements and Cornelius Lott Shear in 1931.[6]
Description
Characteristics of genus Agyrium include the following: a poorly developed thallus that is immersed in its substrate; ascomata in the form of an apothecium with a reduced ring-shaped exciple (the layer surrounding the hymenium that sometimes develops into a distinct margin); paraphyses that are highly branched; and ascospores that are ellipsoid and thin-walled.[7]
The mycelia of Agyrium fungi, although not strictly lichenised, are associated with and sometimes penetrate green algae – particularly near the apothecia.[7] This is a condition that has been described as "facultative parasitism".[8]
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Species
As of May 2021[update], Species Fungorum accepts two species of Agyrium.
- Agyrium aurantium W.Y.Zhuang & Zhu L.Yang (2006)
- Agyrium rufum (Pers.) Fr. (1822)
The type species, Agyrium rufum, has a largely Northern Hemisphere distribution and occurs widely in Europe, although it has also been recorded in Tasmania.[7] Agyrium aurantium occurs in China.[9]
Although 46 taxa have been placed in Agyrium since its inception, many of them were described more than a century ago and have not been investigated with modern molecular techniques. Several of them have since been transferred to other genera. For example:
- Agyrium caesium Fr. (1822) = Puttea caesia
- Agyrium densum Fuckel (1871) = Mellitiosporiella densa
- Agyrium flavescens Rehm (1903) = Skyttella mulleri
- Agyrium nigricans Fr. (1822) = Platygloea nigricans
- Agyrium nitidum Lib. (1834) = Agyriella nitida
- Agyrium phragmiticola Hansf. (1946) = Neottiosporina phragmiticola
- Agyrium solidaginis (Ces.) De Not. (1863) = Ploettnera solidaginis
- Agyrium vulpinum (Tul.) H.Olivier = Phacopsis vulpina
References
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