Corbadrine

Corbadrine, sold under the brand name Neo-Cobefrine and also known as levonordefrin and α-methylnorepinephrine, is a catecholamine sympathomimetic used as a topical nasal decongestant and vasoconstrictor in dentistry in the United States.^[1][2][3] It is usually used in a pre-mixed solution with local anesthetics, such as mepivacaine.^[4]

Corbadrine

Clinical data
Trade names	Neo-Cobefrine
Other names	Levonordefrin; α-Methylnorepinephrine; (–)-3,4-Dihydroxynorephedrine; 3,4,β-Trihydroxy-α-methylphenethylamine; 3,4,β-Trihydroxyamphetamine
ATC code	None
Legal status
Legal status	In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
IUPAC name 4-[(1R,2S)-2-amino-1-hydroxypropyl]benzene-1,2-diol
CAS Number	829-74-3 Y
PubChem CID	164739
IUPHAR/BPS	508
DrugBank	DB06707 Y
ChemSpider	144416 Y
UNII	V008L6478D
KEGG	D02388 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL677 Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6046349
ECHA InfoCard	100.113.606
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C9H13NO3
Molar mass	183.207 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES Oc1ccc(cc1O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N)C
InChI InChI=1S/C9H13NO3/c1-5(10)9(13)6-2-3-7(11)8(12)4-6/h2-5,9,11-13H,10H2,1H3/t5-,9-/m0/s1 Y Key:GEFQWZLICWMTKF-CDUCUWFYSA-N Y
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The drug acts as a non-selective agonist of the α₁-, α₂-, and β-adrenergic receptors.^[5][6][7] It is said to have preferential activity at the α₂-adrenergic receptor.^[5][7]

Corbadrine is also a metabolite of the antihypertensive drug methyldopa and plays a role in its pharmacology and effects.^[8]

Pharmacology

Pharmacokinetics

Corbadrine is metabolized primarily by catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT).^[7]

Chemistry

Corbadrine, also known as 3,4,β-trihydroxy-α-methylphenethylamine or as 3,4,β-trihydroxyamphetamine, as well as α-methylnorepinephrine or (–)-3,4-dihydroxynorephedrine, is a substituted phenethylamine and amphetamine derivative.^[1][3]

Analogues of corbadrine include α-methyldopamine, dioxifedrine (3,4-dihydroxyephedrine; α-methylepinephrine), dioxethedrin (3,4-dihydroxy-N-ethylnorephedrine; α-methyl-N-ethylnorepinephrine), and hydroxyamphetamine (4-hydroxyamphetamine; α-methyltyramine).

Society and culture

Names

Corbadrine is the generic name of the drug and its INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name.^[1][3][2] It is also known as levonordefrin, which is its USANTooltip United States Adopted Name.^[1][3][2] Synonyms of corbadrine include α-methylnorepinephrine and (–)-3,4-dihydroxynorephedrine.^[9] The drug has been sold under the brand name Neo-Cobefrine.^[3]