Alum Shale Formation

This article is about the Cambro-Ordovician rock unit found predominantly in southern Scandinavia. For the Jurassic shale found in England, see Whitby Mudstone Formation.

The Alum Shale Formation (also known as alum schist and alum slate) is a formation of black shale of Miaolingian (Middle Cambrian) to Tremadocian (Lower Ordovician) in age found predominantly in southern Scandinavia.^[1][2] It is shale or clay slate containing pyrite. Decomposition of pyrite by weathering forms sulfuric acid, which acts on potash and alumina constituents to form alum, which often occurs as efflorescences on the rock outcrop.

Alum Shale Formation
Stratigraphic range: Cambrian-Ordovician
Type	Geological formation
Thickness	up to 160 m
Lithology
Primary	Black shale
Other	Shale, oil shale
Location
Country	Sweden, Denmark, Norway

As the formation contains kerogen originated from algae, it is also classified as marinite-type oil shale. At the same time it is rich in aromatic hydrocarbon attributed to post-depositional irradiation damage to saturated hydrocarbons, induced by uranium concentration in the shale.^[3] Alum shale also contains enhanced levels of radium as a result of uranium decay.^[4] Between 1950 and 1989, Sweden used alum shale for the uranium production.^[5]

8502 specimens of trilobite-agnostoid fauna were found in the Furongian strata of this formation in Bornholm, Denmark. Most of them are disarticulated sclerites. Described gerena include Ctenopyge, Eurycare, Leptoplastus, Olenus, Parabolina, Peltura, Protopeltura, Sphaerophthalmus, Lotagnostus and Triangulopyge.^[6]

See also

• Geology portal

• Orsten, a lagerstätte in the Alum Shale Formation