Ammonia (genus)

Ammonia is a genus of marine foraminifers. It is one of the most abundant foraminifer genera worldwide and is found in sheltered, shallow marine intertidal environments, sometimes in brackish waters.^[2]

Ammonia
Ammonia tepida
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Clade:	Sar
Clade:	Rhizaria
Phylum:	Retaria
Subphylum:	Foraminifera
Class:	Globothalamea
Order:	Rotaliida
Family:	Ammoniidae
Subfamily:	Ammoniinae
Genus:	Ammonia Brünnich, 1772
Type species
Nautilus beccarii Linnaeus, 1758
Species[1]
Ammonia aberdoveyensis Haynes, 1973 Ammonia abramovichae Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia advena (Cushman, 1922) Ammonia akitaae Hayward, Frenzel & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia aoteana (Finlay, 1940) Ammonia arabica Kaushik, 2021 Ammonia ariakensis Akimoto, 2002 Ammonia batava (Hofker, 1951) Ammonia beccarii (Linnaeus, 1758) Ammonia bellaria Schönfeld, Beccari, Schmidt & Spezzaferri, 2021 Ammonia bradyi (Billman, Hottinger & Oesterle, 1980) Ammonia buzasi Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia caspica Shchedrina in Mayer, 1968 Ammonia collinsi (Parr, 1932) Ammonia confertitesta Zheng, 1978 Ammonia convexa (Collins, 1958) Ammonia convexidorsa Zheng, 1978 Ammonia corallinarum (d'Orbigny in Deshayes, 1832) Ammonia debenayi Hayward & Holzmann, 2019 Ammonia decorata Golik, 1977 Ammonia differens McCulloch, 1977 Ammonia dilucida Shchedrina, 1984 Ammonia fajemilai Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia falsobeccarii (Rouvillois, 1974) Ammonia glans Shchedrina, 1984 Ammonia goldsteinae Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia goodayi Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia haigi Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia hattai Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia heterogenea (Shchedrina, 1984) Ammonia irridescens (Arnal, 1958) Ammonia jacksoni Buzas, Smith & Beem, 1977 Ammonia japonica (Hada, 1931) Ammonia jorisseni Hayward, Holzmann & Renjaan, 2021 Ammonia justinparkeri Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia karadagica (Dolgopolskaya & Pauli, 1931) Ammonia ketienziensis (Ishizaki, 1943) Ammonia kitazatoi Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia morleyae Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia moroensis Hofker, 1978 Ammonia neobeccarii Shchedrina & Mayer, 1975 Ammonia parasovica Shchedrina & Mayer, 1975 Ammonia parkinsoniana (d'Orbigny, 1839) Ammonia pauciloculata (Phleger & Parker, 1951) Ammonia paucipora Zheng, 1979 Ammonia pawlowskii Hayward & Holzmann, 2019 Ammonia rolshauseni (Cushman & Bermúdez, 1946) Ammonia rugulosa Parker, 2009 Ammonia shchedrinae Hayward & Holzmann, 2021 Ammonia sobrina (Shupack, 1934) Ammonia tepida (Cushman, 1926) Ammonia turgida (Hofker, 1951) Ammonia venecpeyreae Hayward & Holzmann, 2019 Ammonia veneta (Schultze, 1854)
Synonyms[1]
Challengerella Billman, Hottinger & Oesterle, 1980 Hammonia Soldani, 1789 Pseudohelenina Collins, 1974 Rolshausenia Bermúdez, 1952 Rotalia (Turbinuline) Strebloides Bermúdez & Seiglie, 1963 Streblus Fischer de Waldheim, 1817 Turbinulina Risso, 1826

Ammonia beccarii, showing characteristic coiled shell

Species

The classification of the genus Ammonia in species is controversial. While several different forms exist, many authors consider the genus to consist of a single species, Ammonia beccarii, with many ecophenotypes. However, recent molecular studies revealed that the genus consists of many species, although they may be difficult to discriminate based on morphology.^[3]

Based on a comparison between molecular results and morphology, the following species appear to be valid:

• Ammonia aberdoveyensis Haynes, 1973
• Ammonia aomoriensis (Asano, 1951)
• Ammonia aoteana (Finlay, 1940)
• Ammonia batava (Hofker, 1951)
• Ammonia beccarii (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Ammonia convexa (Collins, 1958)
• Ammonia irridescens (Arnal, 1958) (maybe a synonym of A. tepida)
• Ammonia limnetes (Todd & Bronnimann, 1957)
• Ammonia sobrina (Shupack, 1934)
• Ammonia tepida (Cushman, 1926)

Additionally, several other molecular types have been discovered that do not match any of the described species and thus possibly represent new taxa.^[3]