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Anabantiformes

Order of fishes From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Anabantiformes
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The Anabantiformes /ænəˈbæntɪfɔːrmiːz/, is an order of bony fish (Teleostei) proposed in 2009.[1] They are collectively known as labyrinth fish,[4] are an order of air-breathing freshwater ray-finned fish with three suborders, eight families, and at least 350 species.[5][6] This order is the sister group to the Synbranchiformes, with both comprising the monophyletic clade Anabantaria. Anabantaria is a sister group to the Carangiformes, with the clade comprising both being a sister clade to the Ovalentaria.[7] This group of fish are found in Asia and Africa, with some species introduced to North America.

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These fish are characterized by the presence of teeth on the parasphenoid.[7] The snakeheads and the anabantoids are united by the presence of the labyrinth organ, which is a highly folded suprabranchial accessory breathing organ. It is formed by vascularized expansion of the epibranchial bone of the first gill arch and used for respiration in air.[8][7]

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Ombilinichthys yamini is one of the few anabantiform fossils.[9]

Many species are popular as aquarium fish - the most notable are the Siamese fighting fish and several species of gouramies.[8] In addition to being aquarium fish, some of the larger anabantiforms (such as the giant gourami[10]) are also harvested for food in their native countries.[8][11]

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Taxonomy

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There are three suborders and eight families currently recognized within the order Anabantiformes:[5][12]

Alternative systematics

Phylogeny

Below shows the phylogenetic relationships among the Anabantiform families after Collins et al. (2015), here including the Nandoidei as Anabantiforms:[15][failed verification]

Anabantiformes
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References

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