Angelo Niculescu

Angelo Niculescu (1 October 1921 – 20 June 2015) was a Romanian football player and manager. He is best remembered in Romania for being the national team's coach during the 1970 World Cup. Niculescu is also credited with inventing the "temporizare" ("delaying") tactics. This strategy involved the team maintaining possession of the ball within its own half, with players exchanging numerous short passes across the field. The goal was to disrupt opponents' patience and force them to press high. This approach is often considered an early form of tiki-taka. Using these tactics, Niculescu successfully qualified Romania for a World Cup after more than 30 years and secured a notable win against Czechoslovakia.^[2][3][4][5]

Angelo Niculescu

Niculescu in Amsterdam (1970)
Personal information
Full name	Angelo Niculescu
Date of birth	(1921-10-01)1 October 1921
Place of birth	Craiova, Romania
Date of death	20 June 2015(2015-06-20) (aged 93)
Place of death	Bucharest, Romania
Position	Midfielder
Senior career*
Years	Team	Apps	(Gls)
1937–1939	Rovine Grivița Craiova
1939–1944	FC Craiova
1945–1947	Carmen București
1947–1948	Ciocanul București	29	(1)
1948–1950	Dinamo București[a]	17	(0)
Total		46	(1)
Managerial career
1952	Dinamo București (juniors)
1953–1957	Dinamo București
1958	Steaua București
1958–1959	Tractorul Brașov
1964–1966	Dinamo București
1967–1972	Romania
1973–1977	Sportul Studențesc București
1977–1979	Politehnica Timișoara
1979–1980	Dinamo București
1980–1981	SC Bacău
1981–1983	Universitatea Cluj
1983–1984	Oțelul Galați
1991–1992	Club Africain (technical director)
* Club domestic league appearances and goals

Playing career

Niculescu was born on 1 October 1921 in Craiova, Romania and began playing football in 1937 at age 15 in Divizia B at local club Rovine Grivița.^[6][7][8][9] In 1939 he moved to play for neighboring team, FC Craiova with whom he won the 1942–43 championship which was not recognized by the Romanian Football Federation because the teams from Transylvania were unable to participate as the territory was annexed to Hungary due to the Second Vienna Award.^{[6][10][11][12]} During World War II his career was interrupted for a while as he was called by the Romanian Army to fight on the Eastern Front.^[9][11][13] In 1945, Niculescu joined Carmen București where he stayed two years.^{[6][7][8][9][10]} Subsequently, he moved to Ciocanul București which after one year merged with Carmen to create Dinamo București where he played in the following two years, ending his career at age 29 in which he earned a total of 93 Divizia A appearances with three goals.^{[9][10][13][14][15]}

Managerial career

"He was an innovator of football. A fair guy, severe enough, a man of justice. The most important thing was that he formed people. Valuable people of Romanian football."

– Mircea Sandu, former Sportul Studențesc București player talking about Angelo Niculescu^[2]

First and second spell at Dinamo

Niculescu (second row, first from left) with Dinamo București in the 1964–65 season

Niculescu started coaching in 1952 at Dinamo București's junior center.^[8] One year later he became the head coach of the senior squad which he helped to win their first Divizia A title in 1955.^{[6][7][8][9][16]} He also reached the 1954 Cupa României final which was lost with 2–0 to Metalul Reșița.^[17] He led the team in the first European match of a Romanian team in the 1956–57 European Cup in the 3–1 victory against Galatasaray, helping Dinamo reach the next phase of the competition where they were eliminated by CDNA Sofia.^[18] Niculescu left Dinamo in 1957 and had two short experiences at Steaua București and Tractorul Brașov.^{[6][7][8][9][10]} Subsequently, he returned to Dinamo in 1964, helping the club win another Divizia A title in the 1964–65 season.^{[6][7][9][14][16]} He has a total of 16 matches in European competitions, all with The Red Dogs, resulting in 10 victories and 6 losses.^[19] One of his most important European victories was the historical 2–1 over Helenio Herrera's Inter Milan in the 1965–66 European Cup edition, the Italians being the winners of the previous two seasons of the competition.^[20] Niculescu said after the game:"I am happy that Herrera's "concrete" was broken by the movement on the field of our players. With fair refereeing we would have won even more clearly".^[20] However, they lost the second leg with 2–0.^[20]

Romania national team

Niculescu (back row, first from the left) with Romania's team at Otopeni airport, before their flight to Mexico in 1970.

Niculescu was named coach of Romania's national team in 1967, making his debut in a 1–0 home loss to Italy in the Euro 1968 qualifiers.^[6][7][21] He guided the national team through the successful 1970 World Cup qualifiers where they earned first place in a group composed of Greece, Switzerland and Portugal.^{[7][10][11][21][22]} Thus they qualified for the final tournament after a 32-year absence.^[10][11] There, they earned a 2–1 victory against Czechoslovakia but lost with 1–0 to title holders England and with 3–2 to the eventual winners of the Mexican tournament Brazil.^{[7][10][19][21][22]} He was heavily criticized because he did not use Nicolae Dobrin in any games during the final tournament, and while the reasons Niculescu didn't use him are unclear, Dobrin's absence is considered one of the most controversial moments in the history of Romanian football.^{[6][7][9][11][23]} He also guided the national team during the 1972 Euro qualifiers where they earned first place in a group with Czechoslovakia, Wales and Finland, thereby reaching the quarter-finals.^{[6][7][10][14][21]} There, Romania was defeated by Hungary, who advanced to the final tournament.^[10][14][21] His last game as Romania's manager took place on 29 October 1972 in a 2–0 home victory against Albania in the 1974 World Cup qualifiers, totaling 38 matches consisting of 12 victories, 17 draws and 9 losses.^[19][21]

For representing his country at the 1970 World Cup, Niculescu was decorated by President of Romania Traian Băsescu on 25 March 2008 with the Ordinul "Meritul Sportiv" – (The Medal "The Sportive Merit") class III.^[24]

Sportul Studențesc and Politehnica Timișoara

In 1973, Niculescu went to coach Sportul Studențesc București until 1977.^{[6][7][9][10][14]} Afterwards he worked for two years at Politehnica Timișoara where in the 1977–78 season he was close to winning the championship as the team was leading with three rounds before the end of the season but after a 4–2 loss to Dinamo, they ended the championship in third place, three points behind the champions Steaua.^{[6][7][9][10][14]}

Third spell at Dinamo, SC Bacău, U Cluj and Oțelul

From 1979 until 1980 he had a third spell at Dinamo, then he coached SC Bacău for one season.^{[6][7][9][10]} Subsequently, he moved to Universitatea Cluj for two seasons where in the first one, the team was relegated to Divizia B.^[6][9][10] Niculescu ended his coaching career in 1984 after one season spent at Oțelul Galați, having a total of 445 Divizia A matches, consisting of 196 victories, 101 draws and 148 losses.^{[6][9][10][19][25]}

Club Africain

After the 1989 Romanian Revolution, he went to work as technical director in Tunisia at Club Africain, bringing Ilie Balaci as head coach.^{[3][6][11][26]} In their single season at the club, they won the CAF Champions League, Tunisian League and the Tunisian Cup.^{[3][6][11][26]}

Innovative tactic

Niculescu is known in Romania for inventing the "temporizare" ("delaying") tactics.^{[4][5][9][10][11]} This strategy involved the team maintaining possession of the ball within its own half, with players exchanging numerous short passes across the field.^[9][10][11] The goal was to disrupt opponents' patience and force them to press high.^[9][10][11] This approach is often considered an early form of tiki-taka.^[9][10][11] Using these tactics, Niculescu successfully qualified Romania for a World Cup after more than 30 years and secured a notable win against Czechoslovakia.^[9][10][11] In 2011 FIFA named Niculescu the inventor of the tiki-taka style of play and so did UEFA in 2014.^[9][13][27]

Writing

Niculescu started writing chronicles, comments and match analysis in 1958 as a journalist for the "Sportul popular" newspaper.^[6] He also wrote two volumes about football:^{[4][5][8][14][28]}

• Fotbal. Metode si mijloace de antrenament (Football. Training methods and means) - co-written with Ion V. Ionescu (1972)
• Corabia cu 11 pasageri (The ship with 11 passengers) (1974)

Personal life

He had four brothers and one of them, Jean Niculescu, was a footballer at Olympia București.^[11][13] Niculescu died on 20 June 2015 in his apartment in Bucharest and was buried in the Ghencea Military Cemetery.^{[4][5][8][10][29]} The president of FIFA, Joseph Blatter said: "Please accept my condolences for the passing of former player and coach Angelo Niculescu. He will be remembered for his contribution to Romanian football, especially as the inventor of the tiki-taka style of play."^[30]

Honours

Manager

Dinamo București

• Divizia A: 1955, 1964–65^[16]
• Cupa României runner-up: 1954^[17]

Notes

1. Only the statistics for the 1950 Divizia A season are available.^[1]