Anoye

Anoye (French pronunciation: [anɔj]; Occitan: Anoja) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of southwestern France. It is part of the urban area (aire d'attraction des villes) of Pau.^[3]

Anoye
Commune
Town hall
Location of Anoye
Anoye Show map of France Anoye Show map of Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Coordinates: 43°23′44″N 0°08′11″W
Country	France
Region	Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department	Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement	Pau
Canton	Terres des Luys et Coteaux du Vic-Bilh
Intercommunality	Nord Est Béarn
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Alain Lavoye[1]
Area 1	9.65 km2 (3.73 sq mi)
Population  (2022)[2]	134
• Density	14/km2 (36/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	64028 /64350
Elevation	199–344 m (653–1,129 ft) (avg. 275 m or 902 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Geography

The Léez River

Entry to Anoye.

The War Memorial.

The Church of Notre-Dame.

The Town Hall.

Anoye is located some 25 km north-east of Pau and 15 km west of Vic-en-Bigorre. It can be accessed by the D604 road coming north from the D7 just west of Baleix and continuing through the village and the commune north to Maspie-Lalonquere-Juillacq. The D224 road also goes east from the village to Momy and the D207 road forms part of the western border of the commune. The commune is heavily forested in the east and central west however there is a large area of farmland in a central north-south strip and also in the west.

The Léez river, a tributary of the Adour, flows from south to north in the east of the commune with a tributary forming the north-western border of the commune and another tributary forming part of the southern border. A further tributary flows east just south of the village into the Lees.

Historical Places and Hamlets

• Astis^[4][5]
• Bourdallé^[6]
• Cantou^[7]
• Capdepont
• Chambord
• la Commande^[8] or Lacommande
• Dibat
• Fustié^[9]
• Gassiabère
• Gué
• l'Honoré^[10]
• Hourticq^[11]
• Lasbarthes
• Latare
• Lermanou^[12]
• Mandou^[13]
• Mouly d'Anoye^[14]
• Mouly deu Poun^[15]
• Nouaou^[16]
• Perrieu
• Pessarthou^[17]
• Talabot
• Teulé
• Trianon
• Les Trois Fontaines
• Les Tuquets

Neighbouring communes and villages

Toponymy

The commune name in Bearnais is Anoja (according to the classical norm of Occitan).

Brigitte Jobbé-Duval^[18] states that the origin of the name is Latin (noda or noia) and refers to a "marshland".

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Name	Spelling	Date	Source	Page	Origin	Description
Anoye	Noja	1060	Grosclaude		Marca	Village
	Anoia	11th century	Raymond	6	Saint-Pé
	Anoia	1131	Grosclaude
	Noye	1212	Grosclaude		Marca
	Noia	13th century	Raymond	6	Fors de Béarn
	le casteg d'Anoge	1372	Raymond	6	Malta
	Noye	1385	Raymond	6	Census
	Sanctus Orentius de Anoya	1485	Raymond	6	Malta
	Noye	1750	Cassini
	Annoye	1801	Ldh/EHESS/Cassini		Bulletin des lois
La Brouste	La Brouste	1778	Raymond	36	Denombrement	Wood
Caubin de Sendets	Los Ospitals de Sendegs e de Caubin de l'ordie de Sent Johan de Jherusalem	1341	Raymond	47	Malta	Commandery of the Order of St John of Jerusalem.
	L'Espitau de Sendetz d'Anoya	1492	Raymond	47	Pau
	L'Espitau de Scendetz	1538	Raymond	47	Reformation
	l'Espitau quy lo comanday de Cauby thien	1548	Raymond	47	Reformation
	Caubii de Sendets	1585	Raymond	47	Anoye
	Boirie Saint-Jacques	1585	Raymond	47	Anoye
	la Commande de Sendets	1585	Raymond	47	Anoye
La Cave	La Cave	1863	Raymond	47		Place
Chemin de la Commande	lo molin deu Pont sur le Lés	1538	Raymond	51-52	Reformation	A way between Momy and Anoye, part of the Romiu way on the Way of St James. In 1538 it designated a Mill of the Commandery of the Order of St John of Jerusalem of Caubin and Morlaàs.

Sources:

• Grosclaude: Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn, 2006 (in French)^[19]
• Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. (in French)^[20]
• Cassini: Cassini Map from 1750^[21]
• Ldh/EHESS/Cassini: Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Anoye, EHESS (in French).

Origins:

• Marca: Pierre de Marca, History of Béarn.^[22]
• Saint-Pé: Cartulary of the Abbey of Saint-Pé^[23]
• Fors de Béarn^[24]
• Malta: Titles of the Order of St John of Jerusalem^[25]
• Census: Census of Béarn^[24]
• Denombrement: Denombremont of Anoye^[26]
• Pau:^[27]
• Anoye: Titles of Anoye^[28]

History

Brigitte Jobbé-Duval^[18] indicates that the village, a stop on the Way of Saint James of Compostela, was identified in the 11th century. There was also a hospital at Anoye run by the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem under the responsibility of the Commander of Caubin.

In 1385, according to the census demanded by Gaston Phoebus, the village of Anoye had 45 fires and depended on the Bailiwick of Lembeye. There was a market, three to four bakeries, and seven shops.^[29]

In 1648^[20] the Barony of Lons became a marquisate which included Abitain, Anoye, Baleix, Castillon, Juillacq, Le Leu (a hamlet in Oraàs), Lion, Lons, Maspie, Oraàs, Peyrède (fief of Oraàs), Sauvagnon, and Viellepinte. Paul Raymond^[20] noted that Anoye was a former archpriesthood of the diocese of Lescar, a member of the Commandery of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Caubin, and of Morlaàs.

Anoye was the chief town of a district called the Clau of Anoye^[20] comprising Anoye, Maspie, Juillacq, and Lion.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors^[30]

From	To	Name
1995	2014	Jean Puyo
2014	2026	Alain Lavoye

Inter-communality

Anoye is a member of four inter-communal structures:

• The Communauté de communes du Nord-Est Béarn;
• The SIVU of Highways of the Canton de Lembeye;
• The AEP association of the Lembeye Region;
• The Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques.

Demography

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Anoyais or Anoyaises in French.^[31]

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1793 498 —     1800 454 −1.31% 1806 480 +0.93% 1821 557 +1.00% 1831 605 +0.83% 1836 543 −2.14% 1841 547 +0.15% 1846 552 +0.18% 1851 535 −0.62% 1856 500 −1.34% 1861 438 −2.61% 1866 433 −0.23% 1872 360 −3.03% 1876 379 +1.29% 1881 337 −2.32% 1886 339 +0.12% 1891 330 −0.54% 1896 298 −2.02%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1901 294 −0.27% 1906 279 −1.04% 1911 277 −0.14% 1921 233 −1.71% 1926 230 −0.26% 1931 215 −1.34% 1936 202 −1.24% 1946 183 −0.98% 1954 176 −0.49% 1962 171 −0.36% 1968 123 −5.34% 1975 111 −1.46% 1982 121 +1.24% 1990 139 +1.75% 1999 142 +0.24% 2007 144 +0.17% 2012 153 +1.22% 2017 144 −1.21%
Source: EHESS[32] and INSEE[33]

Culture and Heritage

Civil heritage

The commune has many buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:

• A Fountain (1652)^[34]
• A Hospital (ruins)^[35][36] of the Hospitallers of Saint John of Jerusalem and the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem of Sendets, founded in 1315. The hospital had two Maltese Boundary Markers (18th century) called maltaises which are registered as historical objects. One has been in the Museum of Morlaàs since 1965 and the second has disappeared.^[37]
• A Mill at Mouly deu Poun (18th century)^[15]
• A Mill at Mouly d'Anoye (1838)^[14]
• A Bridge (1784)^[38] over the Léez.
• A Fortified Complex (11th century)^[39] (Motte-and-bailey castle, outer courtyard, moat, entry portal, church, castle) was a lordship present in the 11th century.
• A former Lay Abbey at Astis (1784)^[4]
• The Castaing House (1831)^[40]
• The Sanglar House (1788)^[41]
• The Teinto House (1861)^[42]
• The Puyo-Ladevèse Farmhouse at Mandou (1803)^[13]
• The Poudjet Farmhouse (1844)^[43]
• A Farmhouse at Pessarthou (1639)^[17]
• A Farmhouse at Nouaou (1793)^[16]
• A former Town Hall and School (1783)^[44]
• The Loste Farmhouse (19th century)^[45]
• A Farmhouse at l'Honoré (1793)^[10]
• A Farmhouse at Lermanou (19th century)^[12]
• A Farmhouse at Bourdallé (19th century)^[6]
• A Farmhouse at la Commande (19th century)^[8]
• A Farmhouse at Hourticq (19th century)^[11]
• The Guithou House (16th century)^[46]
• A Farmhouse at Fustié (19th century)^[9]
• A Farmhouse at Cantou (1807)^[7]
• Houses and Farms (17th-19th century)^[47]
• The Chateau de Salettes (17th century)^[48]
• The Maison Commune (Communal House) (1771)^[49]

Religious heritage

The commune has several religious buildings and sites that are registered as historical monuments:

• A Presbytery (1701)^[50]
• The Parish Church of Saint-Orens (remains)^[5] which was at a place called Astis until the 18th century.
• The Parish Church of Notre Dame (12th century)^[51] was a former chapel from the 12th, 13th, and 14th centuries and was rebuilt in 1757, 1764, and 1878. The church contains many items which are registered as historical objects:
  • Furniture^[52]
  • 7 Stained glass windows^[53]
  • 3 Paintings^[54]
  • 9 Statues^[55]
  • A Cemetery Cross^[56]
  • A Tombstone^[57]

Anoye is a stage on the via Tolosane (or Toulouse route) on the Way of St James.

See also

• Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department