Aranama language

Aranama – also known as Araname, Haname, or Tamique – is an extinct unclassified language of Texas, US. It was spoken by the Aranama and Tamique peoples at the Franciscan mission of Espíritu Santo de Zúñiga. It is only known from a two-word phrase from a non-native speaker: himiána tsáyi 'give me water!'.^[1] Variations on the name are Taranames, Jaranames ~ Xaranames ~ Charinames, Chaimamé, Hanáma ~ Hanáme.^[2]

Aranama
Tamique
Native to	United States
Region	Texas
Ethnicity	Aranama, Tamique
Extinct	late 19th century
Language family	unclassified
Language codes
ISO 639-3	xrt
Linguist List	xrt
Glottolog	aran1265
Pre-contact distribution of the Aranama language

Known words

In 1884, Albert Gatschet recorded one word and a two-word phrase from "Old Simon," a Tonkawa man who also served as an informant for the Karankawa language, of which a short vocabulary was recorded. According to Old Simon, the words were from a language that he referred to as "Hanáma" (or "Háname"):^[3]: 193

• himiyána 'water'
• Himiána tsýi! 'Give me water!'

Lexical comparison

Below is a comparison of words from selected nearby languages in Zamponi (2024):^[4]

language	give me	water
Aranama	tsaʹyi	himiyaʹna
Coahuilteco[5]	-a·xa	wan
Solano[6]	sieh	apam
Tonkawa[7]	k-e·ke-w	ʔa·x
W. Atakapa[8]	hiʹ-mic	ka(u)ʹkau
Karankawa[9]	baHúšb[a]	klej
Cotoname[6]		aʹx̣
Comecrudo[6]	ayemaʹ 'give'	aʹx̣

See also

• Amotomanco language
• Solano language
• Tanpachoa language

Notes

1. H stands for the unclear and putative value of <h> in French and Spanish sources.