Aranama language

Aranama (Araname), also known as Tamique, is an extinct unclassified language of Texas, USA. It was spoken by the Aranama and Tamique peoples at the Franciscan mission of Espíritu Santo de Zúñiga. It is only known from a two-word phrase from a non-native speaker: himiána tsáyi 'give me water!'.^[1] Variations on the name are Taranames, Jaranames ~ Xaranames ~ Charinames, Chaimamé, Hanáma ~ Hanáme.^[2]

Aranama
Tamique
Native to	United States
Region	Texas
Ethnicity	Aranama, Tamique
Extinct	late 19th century
Language family	unclassified
Language codes
ISO 639-3	xrt
Linguist List	xrt
Glottolog	aran1265

Known words

In 1884, Albert Gatschet recorded one word and a two-word phrase from "Old Simon," a Tonkawa man who also served as an informant for the Karankawa language, of which a short vocabulary was recorded. According to Old Simon, the words were from a language that he referred to as "Hanáma" (or "Háname"):^[3]: 193

• himiyána ‘water’
• Himiána tsýi! ‘Give me water!’

Lexical comparison

Below is a comparison of selected words from Zamponi (2024):^[4]

language	give me	water
Aranama	tsaʹyi	himiyaʹna
Coahuilteco[5]	-a·xa	wan
Solano[6]	sieh	apam
Tonkawa[7]	k-e·ke-w	ʔa·x
W. Atakapa[8]	hiʹ-mic	ka(u)ʹkau
Karankawa[9]	baHúšb[a]	klej
Cotoname[6]		aʹx̣
Comecrudo[6]	ayemaʹ 'give'	aʹx̣

See also

• Amotomanco language
• Solano language
• Tanpachoa language

Notes

1. H stands for the unclear and putative value of <h> in French and Spanish sources.