Aruáshi language

Aruáshi, or Aruá, is a nearly extinct Tupian language of the states of Rondônia and Mato Grosso, in the Amazon region of Brazil. There were 121 Aruá in 2020 and 5 people who speak Aruá as a maternal language.

Aruáshi
Aruá
Native to	Brazil
Region	Rondônia, Mato Grosso
Ethnicity	121 Aruá (2020)[1]
Native speakers	5 (2014)[2]
Language family	Tupian Monde Aruáshi
Language codes
ISO 639-3	arx
Glottolog	arua1261
ELP	Aruá
Aruáshi is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
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Linguistic features

• Consonants: Aruáshi exhibits a typical Tupian consonant inventory, including stops (/p/, /t/, /k/), nasals (/m/, /n/), and glides (/w/, /j/)
• Vowels: A five-vowel system (/a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/) with nasalization contrasts.
• Morphology: Agglutinative structure with extensive verb serialization. Example: kõjã-pit ("to walk-while-talking").
• Syntax: Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order, common in Tupian languages.^[3]