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Asiatic salamander

Family of amphibians From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Asiatic salamander
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The Asiatic salamanders (family Hynobiidae) are primitive salamanders found all over Asia, and in European Russia. They are closely related to the giant salamanders (family Cryptobranchidae), with which they form the suborder Cryptobranchoidea. About half of hynobiids currently described are endemic to Japan, but their range also covers parts of China, Russia, Afghanistan and Iran.[1][2]

Quick facts Scientific classification, Genera ...

Hynobiid salamanders practice external fertilization, or spawning. And, unlike other salamander families which reproduce internally, male hynobiids focus on egg sacs rather than females during breeding.[3] The female lays two egg sacs at a time, each containing up to 70 eggs. Parental care is common.[4]

A few species have very reduced lungs, or no lungs at all. Larvae can sometimes have reduced external gills if they live in cold and very oxygen-rich water.[5]

Fossils of hynobiids are known from the Miocene to the present in Asia and Eastern Europe, though fossils of cryptobranchoids more closely related to hynobiids than to giant salamanders extend back to the Middle Jurassic.[6]

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Phylogeny

Cladograms based on the work of Pyron and Wiens (2011)[7] and modified using Mikko Haaramo [8]

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Classification

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Currently, 100 species are known. These genera make up the Hynobiidae:

Subfamily Hynobiinae

Subfamily Onychodactylinae

  • Genus Onychodactylus (clawed salamanders)
    • Onychodactylus fischeri (Boulenger, 1886)
    • Onychodactylus fuscus Yoshikawa and Matsui, 2014
    • Onychodactylus intermedius Nishikawa and Matsui, 2014
    • Onychodactylus japonicus (Houttuyn, 1782)
    • Onychodactylus kinneburi Yoshikawa, Matsui, Tanabe, and Okayama, 2013
    • Onychodactylus koreanus Min, Poyarkov, and Vieites, 2012
    • Onychodactylus nipponoborealis Kuro-o, Poyarkov, and Vieites, 2012
    • Onychodactylus tsukubaensis Yoshikawa and Matsui, 2013
    • Onychodactylus zhangyapingi Che, Poyarkov, and Yan, 2012
    • Onychodactylus zhaoermii Che, Poyarkov, and Yan, 2012
    • Onychodactylus sillanus Min, Borzée, and Poyarkov, 2022
    • Onychodactylus pyrrhonotus Yoshikawa et Matsui, 2022
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References

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