Ayer Hitam (federal constituency)

Not to be confused with Ayer Hitam, which is a state constituency in Kedah.

Ayer Hitam is a federal constituency in Batu Pahat District, Johor, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat from 1974 to 1986, from 2004 to present.

Ayer Hitam (P148)

Johor constituency
Federal constituency
Legislature	Dewan Rakyat
MP	Wee Ka Siong BN
Constituency created	1974
Constituency abolished	1986
Constituency re-created	2004
First contested	1974
Last contested	2022
Demographics
Population (2020)[1]	71,785
Electors (2022)[2]	61,041
Area (km²)[3]	747
Pop. density (per km²)	96.1

The federal constituency was created in the 1974 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.

Demographics

Ethnic breakdown of Ayer Hitam's electorate as of 2022^[4]

1. Malay (58.7%)
2. Chinese (37.1%)
3. Indian (4.00%)
4. Other ethnicities (0.10%)

Age breakdown of Ayer Hitam's electorate as of 2022

1. 18-20 (6.30%)
2. 21-29 (21.1%)
3. 30-39 (20.9%)
4. 40-49 (17.1%)
5. 50-59 (15.5%)
6. 60-69 (11.1%)
7. 70-79 (5.48%)
8. 80-89 (2.14%)
9. above 90 (0.34%)

Gender breakdown of Ayer Hitam's electorate as of 2022

1. Male (49.9%)
2. Female (50.1%)

History

It was abolished in 1986 when it was redistributed. It was re-created in 2003.

Polling districts

According to the gazette issued on 31 October 2022, the Ayer Hitam constituency has a total of 27 polling districts.^[5]

State constituency	Polling Districts	Code	Location
Yong Peng (N19)	Sri Sepakat	148/19/01	SK Sepakat Jaya
	Lam Lee	148/19/02	SJK (C) Lam Lee
	Ladang Chaah	148/19/03	Dewan Orang Ramai Ladang Cha'ah
	Ladang Yong Peng Bhg. 'B'	148/19/04	SJK (T) Ladang Yong Peng
	Kangkar Bahru	148/19/05	SJK (C) Kangkar Bahru
	Yong Peng Utara	148/19/06	SK Taman Seri Kota Pusat Komuniti Kospen Kg. Temehil
	Bandar Yong Peng Utara	148/19/07	SK Seri Bertam
	Bandar Yong Peng Tengah	148/19/08	SJK (C) Yong Peng (1)
	Bandar Yong Peng Selatan	148/19/09	SK Yong Peng
	Yong Peng Selatan	148/19/10	SK Seri Yong Peng SMK Dato Seth
	Ladang Yong Peng	148/19/11	SK Ladang Yong Peng
	Kampong Manong	148/19/12	SJK (C) Sri Lalang
	Taman Jelita	148/19/13	SMK Yong Peng
Semarang (N20)	Parit Haji Yusof	148/20/01	SK Seri Tengah
	Sri Mendapat	148/20/02	SK Seri Mendapat
	Kampong Haji Ghaffar	148/20/03	SK Seri Bulan
	Asam Bubok	148/20/04	SK Seri Bandan
	Sungai Rambot	148/20/05	SK Seri Manggis
	Ayer Hitam Selatan	148/20/06	SK Kota Dalam
	Ayer Hitam Utara	148/20/07	SK Ayer Hitam
	Bandar Ayer Hitam Barat	148/20/08	SMK Datuk Menteri
	Bandar Ayer Hitam Timor	148/20/09	SJK (C) Malayan
	Parit Semarang	148/20/10	SMK Suria Perdana
	Parit Quarry	148/20/11	SK Bukit Kuari
	Sabak Uni	148/20/12	SK Seri Sabak Uni
	Parit Haji Ali	148/20/13	SK Setia Jaya
	Parit Simpang Tengah	148/20/14	SK Seri Kemajuan

Representation history

Members of Parliament for Ayer Hitam
Parliament	No	Years	Member	Party
Constituency created from Batu Pahat Dalam, Muar Selatan and Segamat Selatan
4th	P105	1974–1978	Hee Tien Lai (许天来)	BN (MCA)
5th		1978–1982
6th		1982–1986
Constituency abolished, merged into Parit Sulong, Sri Gading and Sungai Benut
Constituency re-created from Parit Sulong and Sri Gading
11th	P148	2004–2008	Wee Ka Siong (魏家祥)	BN (MCA)
12th		2008–2013
13th		2013–2018
14th		2018–2022
15th		2022–present

State constituency

Parliamentary constituency	State constituency
	1954–59*	1959–1974	1974–1986	1986–1995	1995–2004	2004–2018	2018–present
Ayer Hitam						Semarang
			Sri Lalang
			Sri Medan
						Yong Peng

Current state assembly members

No.	State Constituency	Member	Coalition (Party)
N19	Yong Peng	Ling Tian Soon	BN (MCA)
N20	Semarang	Samsol Bari Jamali	BN (UMNO)

Local governments and postcodes

No.	State Constituency	Local Government	Postcode
N19	Yong Peng	Yong Peng District Council	83700 Yong Peng 85400 Chaah 86000 Kluang 86100 Ayer Hitam 86200 Simpang Renggam 86400 Parit Raja
N20	Semarang	Batu Pahat Municipal Council (Sabak Uni and Parit Quarry areas) Yong Peng District Council

Election results

Malaysian general election, 2022

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Wee Ka Siong	18,911	40.50	3.48
	PH	Sheikh Umar Bagharib Ali	15,948	34.16	9.04
	PN	Muhammad Syafiq A Aziz	11,833	25.34	25.34
Total valid votes			46,692	100.00
Total rejected ballots			361
Unreturned ballots			119
Turnout			47,172	76.49	9.03
Registered electors			61,041
Majority			2,963	6.34	5.56
	BN hold		Swing
Source(s) https://lom.agc.gov.my/ilims/upload/portal/akta/outputp/1753254/PUB%20617%20PARLIMEN%20JOHOR.pdf

Malaysian general election, 2018

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Wee Ka Siong	17,076	43.98	15.96
	PH	Liew Chin Tong	16,773	43.20	43.20
	PAS	Mardi Marwan	4,975	12.82	27.24
Total valid votes			38,824	100.00
Total rejected ballots			556
Unreturned ballots			94
Turnout			39,474	85.52	2.66
Registered electors			46,157
Majority			303	0.78	19.10
	BN hold		Swing
Source(s) "His Majesty's Government Gazette - Notice of Contested Election, Parliament for the State of Johore [P.U. (B) 244/2018]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 3 May 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 December 2019. Retrieved 2018-08-01. "Federal Government Gazette - Results of Contested Election and Statements of the Poll after the Official Addition of Votes, Parliamentary Constituencies for the State of Johore [P.U. (B) 318/2018]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 28 May 2018. Retrieved 2018-08-01.[permanent dead link]

Malaysian general election, 2013

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Wee Ka Siong	22,045	59.94	16.25
	PAS	Hu Pang Chaw	14,735	40.06	16.25
Total valid votes			36,780	100.00
Total rejected ballots			967
Unreturned ballots			94
Turnout			37,841	88.18	9.20
Registered electors			42,913
Majority			7,310	19.88	32.50
	BN hold		Swing
Source(s) "Federal Government Gazette - Notice of Contested Election, Parliament for the State of Johore [P.U. (B) 181/2013]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 26 April 2013. Retrieved 2016-05-12.[permanent dead link] "Federal Government Gazette - Results of Contested Election and Statements of the Poll after the Official Addition of Votes, Parliamentary Constituencies for the State of Johore [P.U. (B) 222/2013]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 22 May 2013. Retrieved 2016-05-12.[permanent dead link]

Malaysian general election, 2008

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Wee Ka Siong	20,230	76.19	6.15
	PAS	Husin Sujak	6,321	23.81	6.15
Total valid votes			26,551	100.00
Total rejected ballots			907
Unreturned ballots			30
Turnout			27,488	78.98	2.11
Registered electors			34,805
Majority			13,909	52.38	12.30
	BN hold		Swing

Malaysian general election, 2004

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Wee Ka Siong	20,065	82.34
	PAS	Mohd Zamri Md Taksis	4,302	17.66
Total valid votes			24,367	100.00
Total rejected ballots			851
Unreturned ballots			0
Turnout			25,218	76.87
Registered electors			32,806
Majority			15,763	64.68
	BN hold		Swing

Malaysian general election, 1982

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Hee Tien Lai	21,737	78.13	10.55
	DAP	Chan Yeik Nong	6,085	21.87	21.87
Total valid votes			27,822	100.00
Total rejected ballots			1,115
Unreturned ballots			0
Turnout			28,937	76.60	1.23
Registered electors			37,778
Majority			15,652	56.26	21.10
	BN hold		Swing

Malaysian general election, 1978

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Hee Tien Lai	20,885	88.68	88.68
	PAS	Jaini Salleh	2,666	11.32	11.32
Total valid votes			23,551	100.00
Total rejected ballots			773
Unreturned ballots			0
Turnout			24,324	77.83
Registered electors			31,251
Majority			18,189	77.36
	BN hold		Swing

Malaysian general election, 1974

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
On the nomination day, Hee Tien Lai won uncontested.
	BN	Hee Tien Lai
Total valid votes				100.00
Total rejected ballots
Unreturned ballots
Turnout
Registered electors			24,845
Majority
This was a new constituency created.