BJP IT Cell

The Bharatiya Janata Party Information Technology Cell (commonly known as the BJP IT Cell or BJP Social Media Cell) is a specialized department of the Indian political party BJP, responsible for managing the party's digital and social media outreach. The cell coordinates online campaigns, promotes party narratives, and amplifies the voices of its leaders and members across various platforms.^[1][2][3][4]

Information Technology Cell overview
Type	Information Technology Cell
Jurisdiction	India
Employees	5000/5500–6000 approximately
National IT Cell Head responsible	Amit Malviya, National Convener
State IT Cell Head responsible	All States BJP Conveners
Parent of the Information Technology Cell	Bharatiya Janata Party
Child agencies	All States Bharatiya Janata Party Information Technology Cell All Union Territories Bharatiya Janata Party Information Technology Cell

Since 2015, the cell has been headed by Amit Malviya, who plays a key role in shaping the party's digital strategy and online narratives.^[5] According to a report by The Washington Post, the BJP IT Cell operates an extensive digital network comprising around 150,000 social media workers who disseminate content across numerous WhatsApp groups, often targeting the fears and sentiments of India's Hindu majority.^[6]

History

The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) was the first political party in India to acknowledge and use the power of social media in mobilising public opinion,^[7] although the rivalling Indian National Congress party also operates an IT Cell. The BJP IT Cell was founded in 2007 by Prodyut Bora.^[8][9]

During the campaign for the 2004 Indian general election, the BJP had already promoted the India Shining slogan and used around 5% of its campaign budget on texts and pre-recorded phone calls to reach voters. For the 2009 Indian general election, BJP candidate L. K. Advani launched a personal website including its own forum and established local IT Cells.^[7]

The Twitter (now X) account for BJP leader Narendra Modi (then Chief Minister of Gujarat) was created in 2009. In contrast, the Indian National Congress leader Rahul Gandhi waited until 2015 to come to that platform.

In 2010, Arvind Gupta was appointed convenor of the IT Cell.^[10] In 2014, Amit Malviya became head of the IT Cell.^[11]

The landslide win of the BJP in the 2014 Indian general election was credited for a large part to the activities of the IT Cell. Between December 2012 and February 2014, the BJP primarily campaigned on social media. According to former IT Cell head Arvind Gupta, the IT Cell was involved in "setting the narrative, changing the tone, and reacting to social media posts."^[12][13]

Methods

The BJP orchestrates online campaigns through its social media cell to intimidate perceived government critics. Sadhavi Khosla, a BJP cyber-volunteer in the BJP IT Cell said that the organisation disseminated misogyny, Islamophobia and hatred. The network of volunteers of BJP take instructions from the BJP IT Cell and two affiliated organisations to troll users who are critical of the BJP. Journalists and Indian film actors are also among their targets.^[14]

In November 2015 Aamir Khan, an Indian Muslim actor, expressed concern about rising intolerance in India^[15] in response to political events in India that included violent attacks against Muslims and intellectuals, and the absence of swift or strong condemnation from the country's ruling BJP Modi government.^[16] Khosla said that BJP responded with an online campaign through its social media cell to intimidate Khan.^[14] Khan at the time was a spokesperson for Snapdeal. Modi supporters bombarded the company with orders and later cancelled them, resulting in the company distancing itself from Khan, though a planned boycott of his film at the time, Dangal, by BJP supporters proved unsuccessful.^[17]

In 2017, the Criminal Investigation Department of West Bengal arrested the local BJP IT Cell secretary for 'inciting communal tensions' using a manipulated video on Facebook.^[18]

Derek O'Brien, a member of Parliament had raised the topic of online hate in the Rajya Sabha, India's upper house. He had questioned why Narendra Modi followed cyber-bullies on social media, and said "We are mainstreaming hate". He also asked if the Modi administration would issue an advisory asking government officials to stop following Twitter users that regularly send abusive messages and obscenities. The government did not respond to this request.^[14]

In December 2020, Twitter took restrictive action against Amit Malviya, IT Cell in charge, and tagged his posts as 'manipulated media'. This was the first time Twitter took restrictive action against an Indian political personality. Malviya had posted an edited video of an incident from 2020–2021 Indian farmers' protest that violated Twitter policy towards fighting the spread of doctored media.^[5]

According to the Washington Post, 150,000 social media workers spread posts aimed at exploiting the fears of India's Hindu majority across a vast network of WhatsApp groups.^[19]

An investigation by an Indian media watchdog, Newslaundry, revealed the organisational structure of the IT Cell:

The state IT cell has 25 members in the core team with Rai as its head. Each regional centre had 20 members and a team of 15 handled IT at each of the 92 districts. Seven member teams worked at the block levels. At the regional, district and Assembly level, BJP had approximately 5,000 workers. A separate team of 20 professionals – including technicians, designers, and cartoonists – created the desired content for the party.

JPS Rathore, a member of the UP-BJP's IT Cell described the motives of the organisation as follows:

"Our aim was to capture the mind of the voter. To message them night and day. Whenever they look, they should see us, hear our message. (Humari rajniti thi ki chunav ke pehle voter ke dimag ko capture kar lo. Subeh–shaam message bhejo. Jab dekhe, humara chehra dekhe, humari baat sune)"^[20]

The Indian Express reported that Amit Malviya, the head of the IT Cell, admitted that the NaMo TV channel was run by the IT Cell.^[21]

Another 2021 article describes the "Hindu Ecosystem" (as described by Kapil Mishra whose group was infiltrated by Newslaundry journalists) and its methodology. Mishra tweeted a Google forms link (which is still active and can be accessed from the original article) asking for details such as the name, mobile number and email-ID of the respondents, calling them to join the Hindu Ecosystem. It also asked the respondents for 'Any Special area of interest (sic)' such as 'Gauraksha, Gauseva, Fight Love Jihad, Ghar Wapasi, Halal, Mandir Nirmal, Hindu Ekta, Sewa in general etc (sic).'^[22]