A. Q. M. Badruddoza Chowdhury

Abdul Qasim Mohammad Badruddoza Chowdhury^[a][3] (11 October 1930 – 5 October 2024) was a Bangladeshi politician who served as the president of Bangladesh from 14 November 2001 until his dismissal on 21 June 2002.^[4] He was the founding secretary-general of Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP).^[5]

A. Q. M. Badruddoza Chowdhury
একিউএম বদরুদ্দোজা চৌধুরী
Chowdhury in 1993
President of Bangladesh
In office 14 November 2001 – 21 June 2002
Prime Minister	Khaleda Zia
Preceded by	Shahabuddin Ahmed
Succeeded by	Muhammad Jamiruddin Sircar (acting)
Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office 10 October 2001 – 14 November 2001
Prime Minister	Khaleda Zia
Preceded by	Latifur Rahman
Succeeded by	Morshed Khan
2nd Deputy Prime Minister of Bangladesh
In office 15 April 1979 – 23 August 1979 Serving with Moudud Ahmed
President	Ziaur Rahman
Prime Minister	Shah Azizur Rahman
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Jamal Uddin Ahmad
1st General Secretary of Bangladesh Nationalist Party
In office 1979–1981
Chairman	Ziaur Rahman
Preceded by	Position established[1]
Succeeded by	Nurul Islam Shishu
Personal details
Born	(1930-10-11)11 October 1930 Comilla, Bengal Presidency, British India
Died	5 October 2024(2024-10-05) (aged 93) Dhaka, Bangladesh
Political party	Bikalpa Dhara Bangladesh (2004–2024)
Other political affiliations	Bangladesh Nationalist Party (1978–2002) Four Party Alliance (2001–2003)
Spouse	Hasina Warda Chowdhury
Children	Mahi B. Chowdhury
Parent	Kafiluddin Chowdhury (father)
Relatives	Panna Kaiser (sister-in-law)[2]
Alma mater	Dhaka College Dhaka Medical College
Awards	Independence Day Award

Chowdhury was also a physician, cultural activist, author, essayist, playwright, television presenter, and an orator of distinction.^[4] He was awarded the National Television Award in 1976.

Early life

Badruddoza Chowdhury was born in his maternal grandfather's house in Comilla on 11 October 1930.^[6][7][4] His grandfather's home is in Majidpur Dayhata, Srinagar, Bikrampur (now Munshiganj District).^[4] His father, Kafiluddin Chowdhury, was the general secretary of the United Front serving as a minister in the United Front provincial cabinet of the then East Pakistan and an Awami League leader. His mother was Sufia Khatun. Badruddoza passed his SSC from St Gregory's School in 1947 and HSC from Dhaka College in 1949.^[8] He earned his MBBS degree from Dhaka Medical College in 1954–1955.

Medical career

Chowdhury started his career in the medical profession. He served as an associate professor of medicine in Rajshahi Medical College in 1964 and Sir Salimullah Medical College during 1964–1970 and professor of medicine in Sylhet Medical College in 1970.^[4] He served as the president of National Anti-Tuberculosis Association of Bangladesh (NATAB), president of International Union Against Tuberculosis of Lung Diseases (IUATLD) of Asia Pacific Zone.^[4]

Political career

Being inspired by Ziaur Rahman, the founder chairman of the party, Badruddoza entered into politics as the secretary general of the BNP during its early years. He won the parliament election of 1979 as a BNP nominee from Munshiganj and served as cabinet minister during the years 1979–1982. When the BNP again won parliamentary elections in 1991, after a short stint as Education and Cultural Affairs Minister (from 20 March 1991 until 19 September 1991), he was appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Bangladesh parliament.^[9]

Presidency

Chowdhury was appointed the foreign minister of Bangladesh when the BNP party came to power in 2001. In November 2001, he was elected the president of Bangladesh by Jatiya Sangsad members. Seven months later the incident of him deciding not to visit BNP founder Ziaur Rahman's grave on his death anniversary provoked the party members. They accused him of betraying the party. In June 2002, Chowdhury resigned from office as was asked by the ruling party before the situation could turn any murkier.

Bikalpa Dhara

Chowdhury felt the need of a third force in the de facto two-party democracy in Bangladesh. He expressed recruiting civil society members in politics to fight corruption and terrorism and establish good governance in the country through an alternate stream (lit. Bikalpa Dhara) political party.^[10] He, along with his son Mahi B. Chowdhury and BNP parliamentarian M A Mannan resigned from the BNP to work for the new political party. Chowdhury was the president, with M A Mannan as the secretary-general of the new party, Bikalpa Dhara Bangladesh, formed in March 2004. It had been a strong critic of the government during the time, and most of its members defected from the ruling BNP.^[10]

For a brief period Chowdhury joined with senior statesman Oli Ahmed. Along with various senior ministers from the BNP cabinet they formed the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) Bangladesh. This did not last and Chowdhury decided to come out of LDP and concentrate his efforts on reviving Bikalpa Dhara.

Chowdhury has been the party's president since its inception, except for a brief period between December 2008^[11][12] and April 2009,^[13] during which time he had resigned from his post after the party could secure no seats during the 9th parliament elections.^[12]

Personal life and death

Chowdhury was married to Hasina Warda Chowdhury.^[14] Together they had a son, Mahi B. Chowdhury, and two daughters, Muna and Shaila.^[14]

Chowdhury died from a lung infection at the Medical College for Women and Hospital on 5 October 2024, at the age of 93.^[15][16][17]